Integrated Crop Pest Management - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Integrated Crop Pest Management

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Montana Small Grain Guide ICPM combines chemical, biological and cultural pest control methods with crop management strategies designed for Maximum Profit Management ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Integrated Crop Pest Management


1
Integrated Crop Pest Management
  • Montana Small Grain Guide

2
ICPM
  • combines chemical, biological and cultural pest
    control methods with crop management strategies
    designed for Maximum Profit
  • Management should efficiently convert water into
    grain

3
Is ICPM for you?
  • In years of abundant rainfall, do my yield levels
    increase by 7 bushels per inchof additional
    moisture for barley (4-5 for wheat)?
  • Do I select a variety that yields best for my
    location, and has the specific insect and disease
    resistance necessary?
  • Is my fertility program based on soil test
    results, soil moisture, probable rainfall?

4
Is ICPM for you?
  • Do I plant early enough and use adequate seeding
    rates and row spacing to allow maximum yields?
  • Does money spent on fertilizer produce profit?
  • Can I identify weed seedlings, plant disease
    symptoms and various types of insect damage

5
Is ICPM for you?
  • Other than chemical control, do I know additional
    methods to control crop pests?
  • Do I examine fields during the growing season
    other than from the pickup?
  • Do I accurately measure and record precipitation?
  • Can I manage crop residue to minimize disease and
    weed problems, while conserving water?

6
Is ICPM for you?
  • If you answered NO to any of these questions,
    ICPM could be for you.

7
Field Scouting
  • Crop and pest monitoring should be based on four
    or more locations within the field.
  • avoid field borders, fence rows, ditch banks
  • weeds, insects, disease etc.
  • keep written records
  • When to scout
  • seedling-tillering
  • tillering-jointing
  • jointing-heading
  • heading-maturity

8
What to look for when scouting
  • Seedling stage
  • weeds
  • soil moisture
  • plant population
  • leaf diseases
  • cutworms
  • wireworms
  • aphids

9
What to look for when scouting
  • Tillering stage
  • weeds
  • plant population
  • viruses
  • leaf diseases
  • cutworms
  • wireworms
  • aphids
  • hessian fly

10
What to look for when scouting
  • Jointing stage
  • viruses
  • leaf diseases
  • aphids
  • hessian fly
  • sawfly adults

11
What to look for when scouting
  • Heading stage
  • smut
  • root rots
  • viruses
  • leaf diseases
  • wheat stem maggots
  • aphids

12
What to look for when scouting
  • Maturity
  • plant height
  • weeds (especially perennials)
  • plant head
  • population
  • smut
  • root rots
  • sawfly

13
Collecting a plant sample
  • gently pull or dig plant (keep soil intact)
  • press soil and roots into a firm ball, place in
    plastic bag and seal. keep leaves outside bag
  • keep cool until taking to the county agent or
    mailing to MSU

14
Estimating Grain Yield
  • select appropriate length of row to measure 1
    sq. ft. of land (Table I-3)
  • select at random 10 sites and measure the
    predetermined length of row (from step 1)
  • in each of the rows, count the number of heads
  • determine the number of kernels per head by
    obtaining 25 heads from the field at random and
    counting the kernels in each head

15
Estimating Grain Yield
  • calculate the number of seeds per sq. ft.
    (hds/sq ft) x (seeds/hd) (seeds/ft)
  • calculate yield, divided seeds per sq. ft. by
    the following
  • wheat 20
  • 2-row barley 12
  • 6-row barley 14
  • yield (seeds/sq. ft) / conversion factor

16
Estimating Grain Yield
  • Example
  • 6 row spacing
  • Row length 24
  • Avg. Number of heads in row 37
  • Avg. number of seeds/hd 26.1
  • seeds/sq. ft. 37 x 26.1 966
  • 966 / 20 48.3

17
Crop Management Information
  • Field Season Summary Sheet
  • Precipitation information (at least every 15
    days) oil will prevent evaporation
  • Stored soil water at planting time
  • Potential yield
  • Harvested yield, test weight, protein
  • Cropping history (Sp. Wht / SF/ Barley)

18
Crop Management Information
  • Field situation (variety planting info)
  • Soil test summary
  • Fertilizer treatments dates
  • Herbicide treatments dates

19
Yield Evaluation
  • compare harvested yield to predicted
  • if potential is not achieved, determine yield
    limiting factors
  • herbicide damage can cause yield loss up to 7
    bu/ac

20
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