Sarvodaya

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Sarvodaya
vision for TODAY
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we build the road the road builds us
Dr. A T Ariyaratne - Founder President
Sarvodaya Movement
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Shramadhana Shearing work, knowledge,
talents time
Sarvodaya Central Thought

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In 1958, a small group of young teachers and
students of a leading school in Colombo Sri
Lanka led by A.T. Ariyaratneorganized a
Shramadana Camp "gift of labor"in an
under-developed village of untouchables.
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• From this humble beginning,
• this study-service project burgeoned into
• an independent development and reconstruction
  movement, active in over 15,000 villages
• in all regions of the country, commanding the
  services of hundreds of thousands of
• volunteers and trained workers.

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Sri Lanka's social indicators
Infant
Mortality Rate of 11.2 per 1000 live
births(2002)
Child Mortality Rate(under5) 28.8
/ 1000 (2002)
Maternal Mortality Rate of 0.3
per 1000 live Births
Expectation of life
at birth of 73 years,
Adult literacy Rate of
91, etc. are impressive for a low-income
country with a per capita income of around US
800 (average for the last decade),
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GDP 29241 milli
US (2006) GDP per capita 1395
US (2006) GDP Growth Rate 5.4
in 2004
6.2 in 2005
7.7 in 2006 Share of income 4.8
lowest 20
52.8 highest 20 Human Development Index
(2002) 0.740 Rank among 177 countries 96
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• These successes could be
  attributed to the social welfare package, which
  was introduced in the early 1940s which included
• Development of the
  economy,
• Expansion of health and
  education services
• Food subsidies
• Creation of community outreach
  activities
• Maternal
  Child Health activities,
• including the
  beginning of family planning
• 
  activities
• However, since 1970s successive governments found
  it increasingly difficult to maintain these
  services at an acceptable level of quality due to
  the adverse economic conditions faced by the
  country.

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After 1977

• State controls on economy removed
• beginning of a FREE economy
• New technology flows in
• Media turns plural privately owned print
• and electronic media becomes dominant
• Major rural development programmes undertaken
• Mahaweli, Samanalaweva, Lunugamvehera
• Free Trade Zones established
• incentives given for foreign investments
• Private sector moves to new service
• and production areas e.g. Health and Garment
  industry
• An Executive Presidency installed with
• new Constitution in 1978 Proportional
  Representation introduced at elections

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• Structural adjustment programmes in the 1980s
  lead to
• new market economy which
• Reduced social expenditure
• Increased the income
  disparities
• Widening the gaps in access
  to social services.
• Creating ..
• Social strains,
• Changes in life style
• Inability for
  exclusive breast feeding,
• Popularisation of
  fast foods and tobacco ,alcohol,
• Early exposure to
  premarital sexual activity,
• Easy accessibility to
  agrochemicals
• Exposure to conflict,
  
• trauma and abuse
• Changes in Attitude
• Community Centred to
  Self Centred,
• Extended family to Nucleus family

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Consciousness /Perception of Community

• Individuals - Personality
• Community Perceptions
• Is the driving force

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Social Ecology (Eco-Medicine) Murray
Bookchin - our present ECOLOGICAL (
interaction of organisms with its environment)
problems are rooted in deep-seated social
problems,

• In a separate application of the phrase, this
  also refers to the particularly in dominatory
  hierarchical political and social systems. These
  have resulted in an uncritical acceptance of an
  overly competitive grow-or-die philosophy.
• It suggests that this cannot be resisted by
  individual action such as ethical consumerism but
  must be addressed by more nuanced ethical
  thinking and collective activity grounded in
  radical democratic ideals.

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• The complexity of relationships between people
  and with nature is emphasized, along with the
  importance of establishing Social Structures that
  take account of this.

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• These successes could be
  attributed to the social welfare package, which
  was introduced in the early 1940s which included
• Development of the
  economy,
• Expansion of health and
  education services
• Food subsidies
• Creation of community outreach
  activities
• Maternal
  Child Health activities,
• including the
  beginning of family planning
• 
  activities
• However, since 1970s successive governments found
  it increasingly difficult to maintain these
  services at an acceptable level of quality due to
  the adverse economic conditions faced by the
  country.

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(No Transcript)
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After 1977

• State controls on economy removed
• beginning of a FREE economy
• New technology flows in
• Media turns plural privately owned print
• and electronic media becomes dominant
• Major rural development programmes undertaken
• Mahaweli, Samanalaweva, Lunugamvehera
• Free Trade Zones established
• incentives given for foreign investments
• Private sector moves to new service
• and production areas e.g. Health and Garment
  industry
• An Executive Presidency installed with
• new Constitution in 1978 Proportional
  Representation introduced at elections

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Population and Vital Statistics
Mid year population (000) (2004) 19,462
Crude birth rate (2003) Crude death rate (2003) Rate of natural increase (2003) Infant mortality rate (2003) Maternal Mortality Rate (2003) Neonatal mortality rate of Dependency ratio (2004) 18.9 per1000 5.9 per1000 12.8 per1000 11.1 per 1000 live births 0.3 per 1000 live Births 12.9/1,000 live births 49.35
Average household size (2003) 4.31
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Present dilemma

• 20 year war against Tamil armed organisation(s)
  LTTE is the main force now has claimed 70,000
  lives
• Inadequate development in rural economy
  inability to absorb rural labour productively
• Effects of Globalization Market Economy on the
  Society
• Post-Tsunami response not handled democratically
  on need priorities

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• Sri Lankas Poverty States...
• Despite the apparent growth in the economy in
  the recent past, available data suggest that
  there is still an unwelcome degree of poverty in
  the country.
• Poverty incidence - around 25 in terms of the
  headcount ratio of people below poverty line.
• (The official poverty line is Rs.2047/ USD18
  September 2007 Minimum Expenditure per person per
  month to fulfill the basic needs)
• highest in the rural sector - 20.8
• lowest in the estate sector - 24.3 ,
• urban sector lying in between - 6.2

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Sarvodaya
vision for TODAY
27

we build the road the road builds us
Dr. A T Ariyaratne - Founder President
Sarvodaya Movement
28
Shramadhana Shearing work, knowledge,
talents time
Sarvodaya Central Thought

29
In 1958, a small group of young teachers and
students of a leading school in Colombo Sri
Lanka led by A.T. Ariyaratneorganized a
Shramadana Camp "gift of labor"in an
under-developed village of untouchables.
30

• From this humble beginning,
• this study-service project burgeoned into
• an independent development and reconstruction
  movement, active in over 15,000 villages
• in all regions of the country, commanding the
  services of hundreds of thousands of
• volunteers and trained workers.