Forklift Operator Training 29 CFR 1910.178 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Forklift Operator Training 29 CFR 1910.178

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Title: Forklift Operator Training 29 CFR 1910.178


1
Forklift Operator Training29 CFR 1910.178
2
Is Forklift Training Necessary?
  • About 100 deaths each year
  • About 95,000 accidents each year
  • Bankruptcy
  • New OSHA training standard

3
Forklift Operating Goals
  • Hazards and forklift stability
  • Inspecting and operating a forklift
  • Quiz

4
Authorized Operator
  • Only trained and authorized personnel are
    permitted to operate a forklift
  • Keep unauthorized employees off of forklifts
  • Keep pedestrians away from the operating zone of
    a forklift
  • Lock out unsafe lifts as determined in a
    preoperation inspection

5
Operating Hazards
  • Workplace hazards ramps, railroad tracks,
    slippery floors, poor lighting, congestion
  • Loads large or bulky, uneven weight, broken
    pallets, poorly stacked
  • Pedestrians horseplay, unaware of forklift
    areas, not paying attention

6
Nameplate
  • OSHA requires a legible nameplate
  • Includes modifications attachments
  • Capacity
  • Load center

7
Center of Gravity
  • Balance point
  • Distance from the edge of the item to the items
    center of gravity

8
Load Center
  • Distance from vertical face of the forks to the
    loads center of gravity
  • A Load center 24"
  • B Load center 40"
  • 1 inch 100 lbs
  • Important reason for keeping the load resting
    against the vertical face of forks

9
Stability Triangle
  • 3-point suspension
  • Forklifts center of gravity
  • Combined center of gravity
  • Load center beyond 24"

10
Combined Actions
  • Center of gravity moves side to side
  • Center of gravity moves forward
  • Center of gravity moves backward to the thin
    portion of the triangle

11
Attachments
  • Specific operator training
  • Weight of attachments
  • Increased load center

12
Tipping Over
  • Do not jump
  • Hold onto the steering wheel
  • Brace your feet
  • Lean away from the fall

13
Forklift Operating Goals
  • Hazards and forklift stability
  • Inspecting and operating a forklift
  • Quiz

14
Preoperation Inspection
  • As an authorized operator, it is your
    responsibility to make sure your forklift
    functions properly
  • OSHA requires preoperation inspections
  • Company wants to comply with OSHA and be sure
    equipment is maintained

15
Walk Around
  • Forklift properly disengaged
  • Forks down, key off, neutral gear, parking brake
    on
  • Left/right side
  • Tire condition, tight lug nuts, no debris around
    axle, overhead guard is solid, no debris behind
    the mast
  • Front
  • Forks in good shape, fork pins in place, backrest
    solid, mast chains greased, hoses in good shape
  • Rear
  • Counterbalance bolt is tight, radiator clear of
    debris

16
In the Seat
  • Nonmoving checks
  • Gauges, lights, horn, back-up alarm, blinking
    warning light, operate the tilt lift mechanism,
    check the parking brake
  • Moving checks
  • Put on the seat belt, check the running brakes,
    check the steering
  • Look for oil or water leaks on the floor

17
Operating a Lift Truck
  • Only trained, authorized operators
  • Immediately report forklift-related accidents
  • Seat belts must always be worn
  • No person should stand under elevated portion of
    lift truck
  • Forklift controls operated only from drivers
    seat
  • Never block exits or emergency equipment
  • Smoking is not permitted

18
Loading/Unloading
  • Before raising a load, understand
  • Approximate weight of the load
  • Location of the loads center of gravity
  • Inspect load for stability, projections, damaged
    pallets before lifting
  • Restack unstable loads
  • Never place weight on the back of a lift truck
    to increase its capacity
  • Towing always done from rear towing pin

19
Traveling
  • Always look in the direction of travel
  • Keep body inside the cage
  • When moving, the mast must not be raised
  • Sound the horn
  • Operate at safe speeds
  • When turning, watch rear end swing
  • Clearance under overhead installations

20
Traveling (cont.)
  • Avoid loose objects or holes
  • If load blocks view, travel in reverse
  • Never carry passengers
  • Pedestrians always have the right-of-way
  • Safe distance from edge of ramps or docks
  • Never eat or drink
  • No stunt driving or horseplay

21
Ramps and Railroads
  • Never turn on a ramp
  • On ramps the load should be upgrade
  • Ascend or descend ramps slowly
  • Railroad tracks are crossed diagonally
  • Never park within 8 feet of the center of
    railroad tracks

22
Docks
  • Inspect the dock plate
  • Check the trailer floor condition
  • Trailer wheels are chocked
  • Nose of the trailer is supported by the tractor
    or a fixed jack

23
Parking
  • Lower the forks
  • Set gear to neutral
  • Set the parking brake
  • Turn off the key

24
Propane Refueling
  • Propane is a combustible, compressed gas
  • Propane leaks are detected by
  • Distinct odor
  • Hissing sound
  • Frost on fittings
  • PPE gloves, safety glasses

25
Battery Charging
  • Inspect battery connectors for damage
  • No smoking in battery-charging area
  • Immediately clean up electrolyte spills
  • PPE includes face mask, acid-resistant gloves,
    and an apron

26
Forklift Operating Goals
  • Hazards and Forklift Stability
  • Inspecting and Operating a Forklift
  • Quiz

27
Summary
  • Facility hazards
  • Load center and capacity
  • Preoperation inspection
  • Rules of the road
  • Refueling

28
Quiz
  • 1. If your forklift has a rearview mirror,
    looking behind you is not necessary. True or
    False
  • 2. Name two of the three ways to detect a
    propane leak _______________, _______________
  • 3. Describe the four items that must be completed
    prior to driving your forklift into a trailer.
  • 4. If a load blocks your vision, it is OK to
    raise the load while moving to see under it.
    True or False
  • 5. Preoperation inspections are done only
    because OSHA says we have to do them. True or
    False

29
Quiz (cont.)
  • 6. Attachments reduce capacity by increasing the
    load center and adding weight. True or False
  • 7. Minimum PPE items required when refueling a
    propane tank are ___________, ____________.
  • 8. The most important differences between a
    forklift and a car are weight and steering. True
    or False
  • 9. Name at least one condition that when
    combined with turning sharply may cause a
    tipover.
  • 10. Pedestrians have the right-of-way only while
    in designated pedestrian lanes. True or
    False

30
Quiz Answers
  • 1. False. You must always look behind you before
    backing up.
  • 2. Hissing sound, distinct odor, or frost on
    fittings.
  • 3. Chock the wheels, support the nose of the
    trailer, inspect the dock plate, check the
    trailer floor.
  • 4. False. Never drive with the load up. Drive in
    reverse when the load obstructs forward vision.
  • 5. False. Inspections are also done so that the
    operator can prevent mechanical failure accidents
    and because the company needs to prove compliance
    with OSHAs requirement.

31
Quiz Answers (cont.)
  • 6. True. Attachments are heavy, and they cause
    the load center to move away from the forklift.
  • 7. Gloves and safety glasses are the minimum PPE
    required.
  • 8. True. There are many differences, but the
    most significant are weight and steering.
  • 9. Hitting a pothole, carrying an off-center
    load, getting a flat tire, having a raised
    tilted back load, or being on a ramp.
  • 10. False. Pedestrians always have the right of
    way.
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