Reinforced Earth

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Reinforced Earth

• ? AUTHORS Hayley Maxwell
• Joanna Dimitriadis
• ? SUPERVISOR Prof A. Swain

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What are we doing? Why are we doing it ?
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What is Reinforced Earth?
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Main Components

• Fill
• Reinforcement

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Main Components

• Fill
• Reinforcement
• Facings

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Previous Research

• ? Proved reinforcement improves soil strength
• ? Various reinforcement materials considered

? Inclination of reinforcement to improve system
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Project Objectives

• Back calibration to previous work
• The relationship between
• physical theoretical models
• Knowledge transfer
• Simulation of the construction sequence

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Physical Model
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Physical Model
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• Experiment 1
• Wished in place wall
• Experiment 2
• As-built process

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Typical Graphical Results
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CRISP Finite Element Analysis

• Simulates
• experiments faster
• Determines
• deformation and
• stress/strain states
• involved

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Deformed Mesh
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
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Zero extension line plots
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
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Shear strain contour plots
High
Low
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
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Volumetric Strain plots
High
Low
Theoretical CRISP result
Physical experiment result
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Displacement diagrams
Theoretical CRISP result
Physical experiment result
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What Next ?

• Improve Physical Model
• Use smaller rods
• Adjust the wall
• Widen the frame
• Change reinforcement

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What Next ?

• Improve the Numerical Model
• Improve mesh
• Alter boundary conditions
• Change the wall
• Improve parameters

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Summary