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The Armenians

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OE chooses repression Armenian Response to Repression Armenian Self-Defense Movement: ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Armenians


1
The Armenians
  • Genocide In the Shadow of War

2
Armenia Nation In Flux
  • Ancient Armenia
  • Crossroads
  • Buffer State
  • Christian in 301 CE
  • Unique alphabet
  • Medieval Armenia
  • Byzantine 1045
  • Turkish conquest 1370s
  • Ottoman Turks 1400s
  • Ottoman Armenia
  • Armenian Millet
  • Armenian Church leads
  • Autonomy
  • High taxes, but loyal

3
Armenia Geopolitical Issues
  • Napoleonic War (Egypt) gtTanzimat Era Reform
  • Greeks Balkans fight for independence
  • Crimean War realities
  • Ottoman retrenchment survival mindset
  • Reform or repress? OE chooses repression

4
Armenian Response to Repression
  • Armenian Self-Defense Movement
  • Union of Salvation 1872
  • Black Cross Society 1878
  • Armenakan Party 1885
  • OE views these as threats to OE rule

5
OE gtgt Young Turk Rule
  • Hamidian Massacres 1890s Xenophobia
  • Young Turks 1889 gtgt CUP gtgt 1908 Coup
  • Liberalism v. Nationalism
  • Adana Massacres 1909
  • Balkan Wars (1912-13) gt Enver Pasha Coup
  • Young Turk Dictatorship
  • Pan-Turkism Turkification
  • gtgt Anti-Armenianism

6
WWI gtgt Genocide
  • Armenian leaders appeal for OE neutrality
  • OE joins Central Powers geopolitics!
  • Armenians join OE army
  • OE fails in Sarkamish Campaign 12/1914
  • Scapegoat? Armenian collusion w/ R?
  • Special Organization formed
  • Armenian soldiers disarmed. 2/1915

7
Genocide Systematic Intentional Extermination
  • Armenian removed from civil service 3/1915
  • Special Organization battalions kill civilians
  • Deportation, Starvation, Murder 3/1915
  • Intellectuals, leaders arrested, imprisoned,
    murdered 4/1915
  • Deportation Committee gt Death marches Mass
    executions 5/1915
  • Failed resistance in Van, etc 5-10/1915

8
Genocide Q
  • Genocide intentional and systematic plan to
    execute and eliminate an entire people group
  • Geopolitics Jingoism Xenophobia
  • Recipe for genocide
  • Given the news and situation
  • What, if any, global response should have
    occurred? Justify.
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