Approaches to Psychology - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Approaches to Psychology

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Approaches to Psychology Historical Approaches Structuralism: interested in the basic elements of human experience Functionalism: study how people and animals adapt ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Approaches to Psychology


1
Approaches to Psychology
2
Historical Approaches
  • Structuralism interested in the basic elements
    of human experience
  • Functionalism study how people and animals adapt
    to their environments
  • Inheritable Traits How heredity influences a
    persons abilities, character, and behavior.
  • Gestalt Psychology studied how sensations are
    assembled into perceptual experiences.

3
Biological Approach
  • Focuses on how our genes, hormones, and nervous
    system interact with our environments to
    influence learning, personality, memory,
    motivation, emotions, and coping techniques.

4
Cognitive Approach
  • Examines how we process, store, and use
    information and how this information influences
    what we attend to, perceive, learn, remember,
    believe, and feel.

5
Behavioral Approach
  • Studies how organisms learn new behaviors or
    modify existing ones, depending on whether events
    in their environments reward or punish these
    behaviors.

6
Psychoanalytic Approach
  • Stresses the influence of unconscious fears,
    desires, and motivations on thoughts, behaviors,
    and the development of personality traits and
    psychological problems later in life.

7
Humanistic Approach
  • Emphasizes that each individual has great freedom
    in directing his or her future, a large capacity
    for personal growth, a considerable amount of
    intrinsic worth, and enormous potential for
    self-fulfillment.

8
Sociocultural Approach
  • Examines the influence of cultural and ethnic
    similarities and differences on psychological and
    social functioning of a cultures members.

9
Why so many approaches?
  • By using one or more of these six different
    approaches, psychologists can look at behavior
    from different viewpoints and stand a better
    chance of reaching psychologys four goals
    describe, explain, predict, and influence
    behavior.
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