Protestant%20Reformation

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9/14 Bell Ringer

• What does the word secular mean? How does
  humanism fit with secularism?

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Marco Polo

• 1) Based on Polos description how do you think
  China compares to life in 13th century Venice?
• 2) What is the black stone Polo describes (more
  than likely)?
• 3) What can you discern about the Chinese economy
  during this time?
• 4) Why do you think Europeans were so fascinated
  by Polos accounts?
• 5) This was Columbus favorite book. What
  elements of Polos life do you think appealed to
  Columbus?

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Bell Ringer 1/23

• Why were many people critical of the Catholic
  Church?

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Current Events 1/23

• 1) Why did leaders from 21 countries meeting in
  the United Kingdom yesterday?
• 2) What are Houthis?
• 3) Why does the turmoil in Yemen have many
  fearing for their safety abroad?
• 4) What is net neutrality?
• 5) Why does Netflix support Net Neutrality laws?

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Protestant Reformation
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Christian Church Today

• Protestant

• Catholic

• Lutheran
• Methodist
• Anglican
• Baptist
• Presbyterians
• Pentecostal
• And lots more

• Roman Catholic
• Irish Catholic
• Eastern Orthodox
• Russian Orthodox
• Protestant Reformation

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Protestant Reformation

• Religious reform movement lead by Martin Luther.
  Wanted to change the church.
• Causes
• Christian Humanism Intellectual change in
  religion Humans have ability to reason
• Desiderius Erasmus Believed Christianity should
  show people how to live, and not be a list of
  thing you cant do in order to get to heaven.
• Fasting, Pilgrimages, and other minute details
  were not important

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Church Corruption

• 1450-1520 Popes were too concerned with
  politics (Medicis) and not faith
• Church too concerned with Money
• Indulgences Collection of money could
  release some sin and time in purgatory.
• Salvation Acceptance in Heaven
• Catholic church stressed that you had to earn
  salvation.
• Usually through work or money payments or
  sacrifices.

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Martin Luther

• German Monk and Professor at University of
  Wittenburg Studied the Bible
• Disagreed with Catholic Church
• Catholic Church said that Faith and Good Works
  were required for salvation.
• Luther believed that humans were powerless and
  could not earn salvation.
• Humans can only be saved through their faith in
  God.
• God was merciful and would allow you salvation if
  you believed. Called Justification

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The Bible

• According to the Catholic Church Religious law
  comes from The Bible, The Pope, and Roman
  Catholic Saints, Scholars, and Politicians.
• Pretty much, anyone could say anything as long as
  they had power.
• Made worse because commoners had no access to the
  Bible and could not read Latin.
• Martin Luther Believed that the Bible is THE
  ONLY source of religious truth.
• Everything else is made up by flawed humans.
  (Similar belief to Muslims)

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95 Theses

• 1) Luther hated indulgences
• 2) Luther believed that buying forgiveness was
  actually a sin on its own.
• 3) Luther posted a list of 95 complaints on the
  doors of his church and others.
• The Theses spread to all parts of Germany.
• Pope Leo X said Luther was a drunken German who
  will amend his ways when he sobers up.
• Luther became angry and began to consider
  breaking up the Catholic Church in Germany.

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8/25 Bell Ringer

• What was the money generated by the selling of
  indulgences used for?
• Pope Leo X

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95 Theses Bell Ringer(Write on back of your 95
Theses reading)

• 1) What was the main Catholic behavior Martin
  Luther detested?
• 2) Instead of St. Peters what should the church
  spend their money on?
• 3) According to Luther, why is it selfish that
  the Pope would say he has control over Purgatory?
• 4) Why would buying indulgences actually make
  people more likely to go to Purgatory?

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• King Henry the Eighth,
• to six wives he was wedded.
• One died,
• one survived,
• two divorced,
• two beheaded.

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Martin Luther Timeline p. 55-58

• 1517
• 1520
• 1521
• 1522
• 1524
• 1529
• 1547
• 1555

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1/29 Bell Ringer

• According to Martin Luther, religious law can
  only come from where?

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Current Events 1/29

• 1) Why do many people criticize the Saudi Arabian
  government?
• 2) What common interests do the US and Saudi
  Arabia have?
• 3) Who were the Friendship 9?
• 4) Why are mosquitos dangerous?
• 5) What animals are dying in California?

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Break From The Church

• 1520 Luther is fed up with the Church.
• He asks German Princes to overthrow the papacy in
  Germany.
• He did away with most Catholic Sacraments.
• Confession, Confirmation, Marriage, Last Rites,
  Holy Orders (or Popes Orders)
• All that he kept were Communion and Baptism.
• Luther also called for Clergy to marry.
• 1521 Luther was excommunicated from the church.
  (Kicked out of the religion)
• 1521 Charles V Emperor of Holy Roman Empire
  make Luther an Outlaw of the State Edict of
  Worms

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Rise of Lutheranism

• Luther became Revolutionary
• Gained support from German rulers and took over
  German Catholic Churches.
• Established new church services.
• Bible Reading, Preaching, Song
• Became known as Lutheranism or Lutheran Church.
  
• 1524 Peasant Revolt asked for Luthers help.
• He refused Said German Lords must keep peace to
  spread gospel.

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Reformation throughout Europe

• Peace of Augsburg symbolized the end of
  Christian unity.
• Meant Protestant churches were now equal to
  Catholic.
• Germany Lutheranism emerged
• Switzerland Zwinglian Reformation
• Switzerland Calvinism
• England Church of England
• Europe Anabaptists
• Italy Catholic Reformation and Jesuits

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Spread of Calvinism

• The belief in predestination gave Calvinists the
  belief they were doing Gods work.
• And if they were doing Gods work they were
  predestined to go to heaven
• Calvinists took over the city of Geneva.
• Becomes a powerful city of Protestantism
• Calvinists sent missionaries throughout Europe.
• By mid 16th century Calvinism was most important
  Protestant church.

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Reformation in England

• King Henry VIII wanted to divorce his first wife,
  Catherine of Aragon.
• They couldnt produce a male heir
• Only had one child that lived, Mary
• Henry wanted to marry Anne Boleyn but the pope
  would not annul his marriage.
• Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, ruled
  that kings marriage was null and void.
• Anne became queen, got pregnant, and had a girl,
  Elizabeth.

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Reformation in England

• Henry asked Parliament to break from the Catholic
  Church.
• Act of Supremacy of 1534 declared that the
  king was supreme head on earth of the new Church
  of England.
• Thomas More, a Christian Humanist, and devout
  Catholic, was beheaded for disagreeing with the
  King.
• Henry sold Catholic property and land.
• Henrys religious ideals remained very close to
  Catholicism.

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Henrys Death

• Henry was succeeded by his sickly nine year old
  son, Edward VI.
• From his third wife Jane Seymour.
• During Edwards brief reign church officials
  moved the Church of England towards Protestant
  doctrines.
• Edward died at age 16, and was succeeded by Mary.
  
• She was a devout Catholic.
• Mary wanted to restore the Catholic church and
  persecuted and killed Protestants as heretics.
• By her death, England hated her so much they were
  even more Protestant.

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The Catholic Reformation

• Three main causes for rejuvenated Catholic
  Church.
• 1) The Jesuits
• 2) Reform of the Papacy
• 3) The Council of Trent
• By the end of 16th century the Catholic Church
  had stopped the conversion of Catholics to
  Protestanism.

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Reform of the Papacy

• New Pope Paul III appointed a commission to
  reform the corrupt policies of the pope.
• Pope called for Council of Trent a group of
  cardinals, bishops, abbots, and theologians.
• Met for 18 years to decide what changes should be
  made.
• Reaffirmed that good works were essential to
  salvation.
• Reaffirmed the seven sacraments and clerical
  celibacy
• Selling of indulgences was forbidden.

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Exit Slip

• One of the groups the Catholic church targeted
  was the illiterate.
• Why do you think the illiterate were less likely
  to convert to Protestantism?

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• Page 60 Definitions and Questions 6-8
• Page 66 Definitions and Questions 6-8
• Write a 5 paragraph essay with thesis statement.
• Prompt What is the best holiday?

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8/28 - Bell Ringer

• What was the Council of Trent? How did it change
  the Catholic Church?

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Intro Paragraph

• Attention grabber (Question or bold statement)
• Informative sentence (What are you talking about)
• Thesis Statement (What do you think and 3 reasons
  why?)

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Bell Ringer 1/30

• What was the Council of Trent? What change did it
  make?