Vocative Case

1
Vocative Case

• for nouns of address (i.e., when calling someone
  by name)

2
What do all of these sentences have in common?

1. Where are they, Cornelia?
2. Look at the big waves, sailors!
3. Marcus, stay in the house.
4. Do not move out of the country, Cornelius!

3
What do all of these sentences have in common?

1. Where are they, Cornelia?
2. Look at the big waves, sailors!
3. Marcus, stay in the house.
4. Do not move out of the country, Cornelius!

• Each sentence is talking to a person BY NAME.
• That name goes in vocative case.
• Lets look at these same sentences in Latin.

4
What do all of these sentences have in common?

1. Where are they, Cornelia?
2. Look at the big waves, sailors!
3. Marcus, stay in the house.
4. Do not move out of the country, Cornelius!

1. Ubi sunt, Cornelia?
2. Spectate magnas undas, nautae!
3. Mane, Marce, in casa.
4. Noli movere e patria, Corneli!

5
What do all of these sentences have in common?

• In what case do most of these nouns appear to be?

1. Ubi sunt, Cornelia?
2. Spectate magnas undas, nautae!
3. Mane, Marce, in casa.
4. Noli movere e patria, Corneli!

6
What do all of these sentences have in common?

• In what case do most of these nouns appear to be?
• NOMINATIVE CASE, and heres why. . . .

1. Ubi sunt, Cornelia?
2. Spectate magnas undas, nautae!
3. Mane, Marce, in casa.
4. Noli movere e patria, Corneli!

7
Rules for Vocative Case

• noun of address is usually set off by a comma it
  is NOT the subject of a sentence
• usually is accompanied by imperative mood
• vocative case looks like nominative, EXCEPT
• us noun ? changes to e
• ius noun ? changes to i

8

• Specta librum, puella!

9

• Specta librum, puella!
• Look at the book, girl!

10

• Ambulate ad silvam, amici!
• ambulo, ambulare walk

11

• Ambulate ad silvam, amici!
• Walk to the forest, friends!

12

• Libera te, captive!
• te you, yourself (acc. case)

13

• Libera te, captive!
• Free yourself, prisoner!
• te you, yourself (acc. case)

14

• Move a casa, male vir!

15

• Move a casa, male vir!
• Move away from the house, bad man!

16
Lets Review

• Vocative case looks like nominative, EXCEPT when
  a noun ends in a us or an ius (singular form
  only).

17
Form the vocative singular of each.

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

18
Form the vocative singular of each.

• 1) Anna

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

19
Form the vocative singular of each.

1. Anna
2. Clara

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

20
Form the vocative singular of each.

• Anna
• Clara
• 3) Marce

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

21
Form the vocative singular of each.

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marce
4. eque

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

22
Form the vocative singular of each.

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marce
4. eque
5. Corneli

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

23
Form the vocative singular of each.

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marce
4. eque
5. Corneli
6. soci

1. Anna
2. Clara
3. Marcus
4. equus
5. Cornelius
6. socius

24
Form the vocative plural.

1. agricola
2. amicus
3. socius

25
Form the vocative plural.

1. agricola
2. amicus
3. socius

• 1) agricolae

26
Form the vocative plural.

1. agricola
2. amicus
3. socius

1. agricolae
2. amici

27
Form the vocative plural.

1. agricola
2. amicus
3. socius

1. agricolae
2. amici
3. socii

28
Translate.

• Quid, Quinte, est nomen tauri tui ?
• taurus, tauri m., ???? (think about sign of
  zodiac)

29
Translate.

• Quid, Quinte, est nomen tauri tui ?
• Quintus, what is the name of your bull?

30

• Work on the land, Metellus.

31

• Work on the land, Metellus.
• Labora in terra, Metelle.

32

• Cooks, prepare the food!
• coquus, coqui m., cook

33

• Cooks, prepare the food!
• Parate cibum, coqui!
• coquus, coqui m., cook

34
Last One!

• Noli portare tubam tuam in casam, Iuli!
• tuba, tubae f., horn

35
Last One!

• Noli portare
• tubam tuam
• in casam, Iuli!
• Do not carry your horn into the house, Julius!

36
Vocative Case

• usually looks like _____ case
• EXCEPT
• us becomes ______
• ius becomes ______
• NEVER the subject of a sentence

37
Vocative Case

• usually looks like vocative case
• EXCEPT
• us becomes e
• ius becomes i
• NEVER the subject of a sentence