Landscape Irrigation

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Landscape Irrigation

• Based upon the book
• Rain Bird Irrigation Design Manual

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Types of Pipe

• Polyethylene PE
• Often used in mid-west and east
• Black
• Usually barbed fittings
• Polyvinyl chloride PVC
• Most commonly used in So. Cal.
• White or gray
• Typically glued and/or threaded fittings

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Polyethylene PE Pipe
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Polyethylene PE Pipe

• Flexible, lightweight
• Cuts easily with tubing cutters
• Uses barbed fittings no glue
• Can be installed with pipe puller reduces labor
• Not shovel- or
• pocket gopher-friendly

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Barbed Fittings
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Pipe Puller
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Pipe Puller
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PVC Pipe

• Rigid, fairly lightweight
• Cuts easily with PVC cutters or saws
• Chemically welded connections
• Durable Buriable
• Resists shovels and gophers
• Some UV resistant

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PVC Pipe Ratings

• Divided into two groups
• Schedule rated (Schedule or Sch)
• Pressure Rated (Class or Cl)
• Not UV resistant must be buried or painted

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Schedule Rated Pipe

• Thick walled
• Same dimensions as iron pipe
• Used in pressurized main line situations
• Pressure ratings change as sizes change
• Schedule 40 (Sch 40) (white)
• Schedule 80 (Sch 80) (dark gray)

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Guaranteed Pressure Rating
Sch 40 typical for irrigation uses

• Remember pressure rating changes with pipe size
• larger diameter pipes sustain less pressure

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Schedule 80

• Gray plastic
• Thick walls
• Threadable
• Very strong
• Used as transition from valves to pipe
• Outside diameter same as white PVC
• PVC nipples typically Sch 80

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Schedule 40

• White plastic
• Thinner walls than Sch 80
• 3/4 to 1-1/4 as main- or service-line (under
  pressure)
• Pipe sizes based on O.D. nominal

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Pressure Rated PVC Pipe

• 1/2 or 1-1/2 and larger used as service-, or
  main-line
• 3/4 and larger used as lateral line
• Pressure rated instead of schedule rated
• Which means a uniform pressure rating regardless
  of size
• Built-in 21 safety factor for surges

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Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR-PR)

• The ratio of wall thickness to O.D. is same
  throughout each class
• SDR is a relationship of wall thickness to O.D.
• SDR
• PR Pressure Rated

Outside Diameter
Wall Thickness
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1120, 1220 Some Data Code

• Raw materials and stress
• 11 Type 1 Grade 1
• Suitable for irrigation
• 12 Type 1 Grade 2
• Suitable for drainage
• 20 material tensile strength (in 100s)
• Material can hold up to 2,000 psi in pulling
  stress

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Pressure Rated PVC Pipe

• Typically used in landscape irrigation
• Class 315 (Cl 315) rated at 315 psi
• Class 200 (Cl 200) rated at 200 psi
• Easily cut - resists damage
• Strong and durable (except Cl 125 Cl 160 too
  thin to safely use)
• Class 160 (Cl 160) rated at 160 psi
• Class 125 (Cl 125) rated at 125 psi

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Guaranteed Pressure Rating

• Pressure stays the same regardless in change of
  diameter or wall thickness

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Pressure Rated PVC Pipe

• Class 315
• Main line or service line 1-1/2 and larger
• Lateral line 1-1/2 and larger
• Class 200
• Lateral line 3/4 and larger

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ASTM

• American Society for Testing and Materials
• ASTM D-1785 tests schedule rated pipe
• ASTM D-2241 tests pressure rated pipe
• Select ONLY PVC produced under ASTM standards

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Some Other Stuff

• Purple pipe for reclaimed water
• Olson Tubing or Funny Pipe swing joints

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A Review of a Few Terms

• City water main
• Underground pipe under streets, alleys, etc.
• Supplies water to houses and business
• Static pressure dependent upon
• Distance from pumping station
• Age of pipe
• Time of day
• Number of customers on the line

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A Review of a Few Terms

• Water service
• Between the home or business and the water meter
• Under constant pressure
• Can be
• Polyethylene
• galvanized steel
• Type L copper
• or PVC Sch 40 or Class 315
• Covered by at least 18 of soil

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A Reminder

• When replacing a metal water service (galvanized
  or copper) for a plastic one
• MAKE SURE THE HOUSES ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IS
  GROUNDED!

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A Review of a Few Terms

• Irrigation service line from point of
  connection (POC)
• Under constant pressure
• Can be
• Polyethylene
• galvanized steel
• Type L copper
• or PVC Sch 40 or Class 315
• Covered by at least 18 of soil

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Still More Terms (ad nauseam)

• Lateral line
• Carries water from the irrigation valves to the
  sprinkler heads
• Under pressure when valves are open
• Typically PVC
• Class 315 for 1/2
• Class 200 for 3/4 and larger
• Covered by at least 12 of soil

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Priceless Information

• The industry standard for the maximum safe
  velocity in feet per second (fps) through pipe
• Plastic pipe not to exceed 5 fps
• Metal pipe not to exceed 7.5 fps

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Still More Terms (ad nauseam)

• Threads on pipe and fittings
• Female threads on inside of fittings
• Male threads on outside of pipe or fittings

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Fittings
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PVC Slip Fittings

• Sch 40 PVC
• White plastic
• Slip by slip fittings (SxS) glued
• aka (socket x socket) configuration
• I.D. of fitting matches O.D. of corresponding
  pipe size

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PVC Slip Fittings

• Common Sch 40 fittings

90º Elbow (Ell) SxS Changes direction of water
Tee SxSxS divides flow of water two ways
Coupling SxS Connects two pieces of pipe
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PVC Slip x Thread Fittings

• Schedule 40
• Slip by thread fittings (SxT) or (SxMIPT or
  SxFIPT)
• Glued joint and threaded joint on same fitting
• Threaded ends same size and type as metal pipe
  threads tapered thread
• I.D. of fitting matches O.D. of corresponding PVC
  pipe size

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PVC Slip x Thread Fittings
Female Adapter SxT
Male Adapter SxT
SxT 90º Elbow (Ell)
Tee SxSxT
90º Street Elbow SxT
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PVC Thread x Thread Fittings

• Schedule 40
• Thread by thread fittings (TxT) (MIPT or FIPT)
• Two threaded joints on same fitting
• Threaded ends same size as metal pipe threads
• I.D. of fitting matches O.D. of corresponding
  pipe size
• Not commonly used in PVC

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PVC Pipe Nipples

• Pipe threaded at both ends
• PVC nipples typically Sch 80
• Used to make transition from thread to glue

TxT Close Nipple
TxT Nipple
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Slip Fix

• An irrigation miracle!
• Used to repair broken PVC lines
• Typically SxS
• Telescopes to extend

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Compression Fittings

• Used to connect PVC to metal pipe
• Slips over and tightens with compression washers

Compression Tee
Compression Couplings