The Solar System

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The Solar System

• A Fifth Grade Science

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Introduction

• A solar system consists of a star and objects
  that revolve around it.
• Our Solar System consists of the Sun and nine
  known planets and the moons that orbit those
  planets.
• The force of gravity keeps planets in orbit
  around the sun.

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The Sun

• It is over one million times larger than Earth.
• It is eight light minutes away from Earth or
  92,957,000 miles.
• The temperature is 15 million degrees K. One K
  13-25 million degrees!

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The Eight Known PlanetsThe Inner Planets
The Outer Planets

• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars

• Jupiter
• Saturn
• Uranus
• Neptune

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Mercury

• Closest planet to the sun
• Approximately half the size of Earth
• Rocky surface covered by craters
• No water or air results in unchanged appearance
• Surface temperatures are hot enough to melt lead

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Uranus

• Seventh planet from the Sun
• Four times larger in diameter than the Earth
• Blue-green in color
• The tilt of the axis causes sunlight for 42 years
  at a time

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Venus

• Second planet from the Sun
• Approximately the same size as the Earth
• Atmosphere consists of poisonous gases

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Earth

• Third planet from the Sun
• Largest of the four inner planets
• Only planet where life is known to exist
• 70 of the surface is covered by water

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Mars

• Fourth planet from the Sun
• Approximately half the size of Earth
• Known as the Red Planet
• Has four seasons similar to Earth
• Resembles Earth more than any other planet

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Jupiter

• Fifth planet form the Sun
• Largest planet in our Solar System
• 1300 Earths could fit inside Jupiter
• Doesnt have a surface made of gases

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Saturn

• Sixth planet from the Sun
• Second largest planet
• 800 Earths could fit inside Saturn
• Thousands of rings are made up of ice and rock
  fragments

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Neptune

• Eighth planet form the Sun
• Four times larger in diameter than the Earth
• Blue in color

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Pluto

• Is now known as a dwarf planet
• Coldest planet
• Unusual orbit caused it to be the 8th planet from
  1979 - 1999!

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Lets compare the planets to Earth
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A day on

• Mercury 3 Earth months
• Venus 117 Earth days
• Mars 41 minutes longer than
• an Earth day
• Jupiter 10 Earth hours
• Saturn 10 ½ Earth hours
• Uranus 13 ½ Earth hours
• Neptune 18 Earth hours
• Pluto 7 Earth days

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If you weigh 85 lbs. On Earth, you weigh

• 32 lbs on Mercury
• 77 lbs on Venus
• 32 lbs on Mars
• 244 lbs on Jupiter
• 112 lbs on Saturn
• 79 lbs on Uranus
• 105 lbs on Neptune
• 2.5 lbs on Pluto

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The Orbital Speed of the Planets

• Mercury 30 miles per second
• Venus 22 miles per second
• Earth 19 miles per second
• Mars 15 miles per second
• Jupiter 8 miles per second
• Saturn 6 miles per second
• Uranus 4.2 miles per second
• Neptune 3.3 miles per second
• Pluto 2.9 miles per second
• Therefore, the further away from the Sun, the
  slower the orbital speed.

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The Earth has one Moon. How many moons do the
other planets have?

• Mercury - 0
• Venus - 0
• Mars - 2
• Jupiter - 17
• Saturn - 22
• Uranus - 15
• Neptune - 2
• Pluto - 1
• The Moon

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It takes 365 days for Earth to revolve around the
Sun. How long does it take the other planets?

• Mercury - 88 Earth days
• Venus - 225 Earth days
• Mars - about 2 Earth years
• Jupiter - 11.8 Earth years
• Saturn - 30 Earth years
• Uranus - 84 Earth years
• Neptune - 165 Earth years
• Pluto - 248 Earth years