Grace Thomas and Shannon Farrell

1
The Old Regime

• Grace Thomas and Shannon Farrell

2
What is Absolutism?

• Absolutism is that the king has absolute rule of
  a country
• The ruler has no rules or restrictions
• King Louie XVI was an absolute ruler
• France lived under this in 1789
• It was a HEREDITARY position
• It was restricted only BY religion

3
King Louis XVI

• Absolute Rules taxed 3rd estate
• Nobility
• King and Queen had all the wealth, King Louie
  XVI, and Marie Antoinette
• Werent connected to the people
• No leadership qualities
• Lived in Versailles and everyone else was pore
• Versailles was 12 miles from Paris and had
  nothing in common with what the people in Paris
  were living in
• Political cause of French Revolution

4
Versailles Palace
5
1st Estate Clergy

• Clergy and French Catholic Church
• Upper Bishops and Abbots
• Lower Priests
• Owned 10 of the land
• Lived in a tax free land
• Responsibilities
• Registration of Births
• Marriages Deaths
• Collected the Tithe
• Censored Books
• Operated Schools and Hospitals
• Served as Police
• Distributed Relief to the Poor

6
2nd Estate Nobility

• Nobility, Government, and Army
• 20 of the land
• Privileges and Responsibilities
• Highest Position in the Church
• Collected Rent from Peasants
• Did not pay taxes
• Collected dues on cloth, bread, salt, and wine
• Became involved in banking, shipping, finance,
  insurance, and manufacturing
• Patrons of the arts

7
3rd Estate Everyone Else

• Peasants, Merchants, and Artisans
• 65 of the land
• Paid most of the heavy taxes to the church and
  king
• Paid Dues of Goods
• Not enough money or food to eat
• No status in France
• No privilages

8
Jean Domat 

• Domat was a French jurist who stated government
  was necessary and that society was like a body,
  each person having their own function. 
• God himself established government and was the
  natural sovereign so it's necessary
•  Because of this, going against the King, a ruler
  chosen by God,  and his laws is like rebelling
  against God. 

9
Emmunuel Joseph Sieyes 

• Emmanuel stated that the Third Estate was the
  society 
• Nobody would be able to function or succeed
  without the Third Estate 
• The Third Estate is the nation and the whole 

10
Estates General

• A meeting that represented each estate (Nobility,
  Church, Common People).
• King Louis XVI was never paid attention to the
  economic crisis in France. He always borrowed
  money from the national bank. One day, the bank
  cut off his loans because his debt was so big and
  he wouldnt pay back anything. King Louis tried
  to tax the first 2 estates, but they started
  rebelling and started huge riots, which wasted
  money and time to put down. With the bank and
  first 2 states refusing to give money, and the
  nations debt getting worse and worse, the king
  had to turn to the Estates-General to help solve
  the tax problem
• Tennis Court Oath
• Created after the third estate couldnt attend
  the Estates General
• Got the name from the tennis court it was made on
  
• Formed the National Assembly

11
Causes of Discontent in France
Bread Shortage American Revolution Enlightenment Absolute Rule of Louis XVI
Absolute rulers taxed 3rd estate Nobility King Louie XVI and Marie Antoinette Why They had all the wealth Disconnected from their people Had no leadership qualities Lived in Versailles in luxury while the country was in poverty Versailles is figuratively and physically detached from the people France helped the Americans against Britain by giving troops and money, which put them in financial debt The French go to help America in spite of Britain because they lost land to them As a result, French went into massive debt Social The French were inspired by the American Revolution Dont trust your authority Individual autonomous People started to question the status quo Age of reason People have the right to govern Montesquieu, Locke, Voltaire Robespierre was a Frenchmen, sent a complaint to the King criticizing his lifestyle He soon became a radical, killing people then they eventually killed him Bad harvest Flour prices increased Created starvation Riots, raids, robberies broke out The nobility had a lot of bread Low wages Bread was the main part of their diet, its basically all they ate Supply and demand, as the supply went down the demand went up
Kevin Hsieh and Jenny Schneider
12
The Storming of the Bastille

• Jordan Cattelona
• Zach Blair
• Group 5

13
Origin

• The bastille was a enormous fortress in the heart
  of Paris. Primarily used as a prison, the people
  held there were brutally tortured, beaten, and
  executed.

14
Leading up to the attack

• Because of the poor economic conditions in France
  at the time of the attack on the bastille,
  tensions were high with the common people. There
  was a serious depression, as well as a bread
  shortage. The attack itself was very violent. The
  people of Paris tore into the building, killing
  the guards and taking all the stockpiles within.

15
The Effects

• Ultimately, the storming of the bastille
  symbolized the end of feudalism within France.
  Before this, they had stayed in their own areas
  while the king had absolute power.When they
  attacked and destroyed the building, they
  destroyed their own bonds and allowed themselves
  to rise up. To this day, the people of France
  celebrate Bastille Day, which is like our
  Independence Day.

16
DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN

• Citizens are responsible for the abuses toward
  their opinions.
• The military is there to protect the people.
• All citizens pay an equal, common contribution.
• All citizens have a say in electing a
  representative.
• All powers are distributed evenly throughout the
  government.
• No citizen can be deprived of their
  property/belongings unless their is a legal
  reason.

17

• Created by The National Assembly of France on
  August 26th,1789.
• It is the declaration of the natural unalienable
  and sacred rights of men.
• Concept People are free, have basic rights that
  are preserved and they ARE the government. These
  rights are to also preserve the citizens
  happiness and the common good.
• Rights
• Men are born and remain free, given equal rights.
• The rights of liberty, property, security, and
  resistance to oppression are preserved.

18

• No man is above the law.
• Liberty consists of the freedom to do anything
  which does not cause harm to anyone else.
• No one is forced to do anything not provided by
  law.
• Every citizen has a right to participate in
  government.
• Everyone is equally eligible to public positions.
• Citizens can only get arrested if they go against
  the law.
• All people are innocent until proven guilty.
• Everyone has a right to their own opinions.

19
Why was the Revolution a revolution?

• The Revolution was a revolution because it led to
  a change in government and society.
• There was no more feudalism or monarchy. The
  people were granted different freedoms that they
  didn't have before.
• The killed because the people of France felt that
  there was no need for a monarchy, and it
  symbolized the end of the monarchy all together
  with the start of a new government system
• The government changed from an absolute monarchy
  to a constitutional monarchy to a republic.
• They made a constitution.
• France has a president today because of the
  French Revolution.