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12.3

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12.3 The Mongol Empire Kublai Khan Grandson of Genghis Khan focused on building the Khanate of the Great Khan 1279: Overwhelms the Chinese 1st foreign ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: 12.3


1
12.3 The Mongol Empire
2
Kublai Khan
  • Grandson of Genghis Khan focused on building
    the Khanate of the Great Khan
  • 1279 Overwhelms the Chinese 1st foreign power
    to conquer China
  • Kublai Khan founds the Yuan Dynasty
  • Unites China
  • Opens China to foreign trade contact
  • Few changes made to Chinese culture government
  • Moves seat of power from Mongolia to China
    (Beijing)

3
Kublai Khans Empire
4
Failure in Japan
  • Kublai Khans Goal acquire Japan
  • Attempts invasions in 1274 1281
  • Forces Koreans to supply goods ships for the
    invasions
  • 2nd Invasion 150K largest invasion force in
    history (before WW2)
  • Invasion force destroyed by the kamikaze, or
    divine wind

5
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6
Rule in China
  • Problems
  • Nomadic ways in a sophisticated society
  • Few Mongolians many Chinese
  • Mongolians live separately from Chinese follow
    different laws
  • Mongolians Foreigners in high offices No
    loyalties
  • Grand Canal extended to Beijing parallel
    highway

7
Trade Marco Polo
  • Open trade from Asia to Europe
  • Porcelain, silks, gunpowder, compass, paper
    money, etc
  • Kublai Khan invited foreign merchants to China ?
    Marco Polo
  • Traveled along the Silk Road
  • Serves Kublai for 17 years on government missions
  • Polo was taken prisoner by Genoa Writes of his
    travels Chinese culture

8
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9
End of Mongol Rule
  • End of Kublai Khans reign cracks in the empire
  • Humiliating defeats in Southeast Asia
  • Heavy spending on wars, public works, luxuries
    over-taxation
  • 1294 Kublai Khan dies
  • Yuan Dynasty declines 4 khans in 8 years

10
The Summer Palace
11
End of Mongol Rule (c.)
  • 1300s rebellions all across China
  • Resentment Humiliation
  • Famine, floods, disease, corruption
  • 1368 Yuan overthrown by the Ming
  • 1330s Ilkhanate falls
  • 1370s Chagatai Khan disintegrates
  • Golden Horde continued to rule in Russia
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