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Overview of the Evidence: Interventions in Teacher Incentives

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Title: Overview of the Evidence: Interventions in Teacher Incentives


1
Overview of the Evidence Interventions in
Teacher Incentives
  • Barbara Bruns
  • Lead Education Economist, LCSHE

2
Evidence Teacher Incentives (1)
Country Authors Intervention Methodology Findings
INDIA Duflo, Hanna, Ryan 2008 External monitoring of teachers with w/o financial incentives Randomized trial Decrease teacher absence rate (42 gt 21) Increase of 0.17 std. dev. in student test scores (in 1 yr)
INDIA Banerjee, Cole, Duflo, Linden 2006 Community-hired Balskaki teachers employed to teach students lagging behind in literacy and numeracy skills Randomized trial Increase in test scores of students of 0.28 std. dev.
KENYA Glewwe, Nauman, Kremer 2003 Teacher incentives (gifts) to teachers based on student performance Randomized trial Temporary increase in student scores (linked to increase in time spent on test prep)
EL SALVADOR Sawada Ragatz 2005 (in Vegas 2005) School councils given authority to set teacher pay scale and pay for performance (EDUCO program) (also SBM) Propensity-score matching, OLS Increase in teacher time on task/ decrease in teacher absenteeism No effect on student achievement.
3
Evidence Teacher Incentives (2)
Country Authors Intervention Methodology Findings
ISRAEL Lavy 2008 Teachers rewarded with case bonuses for improved student performance (on high-school matriculation exams) Randomized (due to measurement error treatment random) DID RDD Increase in student performance Increase in test taking rates, conditional pass rate.
BOLIVIA Urquiola Vegas 2005 (in Vegas 2005) Salary bonus (0.3 -1.1 mo wages) to teachers who willing to teach in less desirable areas Exploitation of arbitrary variation in teacher pay No effect on test scores pay differential not enough to attract more effective teachers
MEXICO McEwan Santibanez 2005 (in Vegas 2005) Possibility of permanent wage increase for teachers principals based on index (which includes student performance) Quasi-experimental counterfactual analysis/ DID 1 std dev. Increase in teachers initial scores lead to 0.12 std. dev increase in classroom scores.
4
Evidence Teacher Incentives (3)
Country Authors Intervention Methodology Findings
INDONESIA forthcoming Doubling of base salary for all certified teachers additional monetary incentives for teachers in rural areas Randomized trial forthcoming
RWANDA forthcoming Performance-based incentives for teachers on fixed contracts Randomized trial forthcoming
5
Evidence Teacher Incentives (4)
TODAY
Country Authors Intervention Methodology Findings
INDIA Muralidharan Sundararaman 2009 Extra contract teachers provided to govt primary schools (state of AP) Randomized trial Increase in student performance (after 2 yrs) of 0.16 0.10 std. dev in math language (largest impact in remote areas in grade 1 (impact partly due to ? in class size)
INDIA Muralidharan Sundararaman 2008 Teacher bonus payment program based on student results on independently administered exams (AP). Randomized trial Increase in student performance (after 2 yrs) of 0.28 std dev in math 0.16 in language.
KENYA Duflo, Dupas, Kremer 2009 Provision of extra teachers to first grade classrooms (reducing pupil-teacher ratio from 82 to 43) w/ w/o teacher incentives (monetary PTA supervision) Randomized trial With incentives significant increase in test scores (w/o incentives no increase reduced teacher effort)
BRAZIL forthcoming Pay-for-performance teacher bonus pay system (index based on numerous school performance indicators) RDD/ Randomized trial forthcoming
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