The%20New%20Republic

1
Chapter 6

• The New Republic
• 1789-1816

2
Problems of the New National Government

• National Debt
• Respect
• Trade Restricted
• British Presence

3
George Washington

• President (1789-1797)

4
Judiciary Act - 1789

• Supreme Court
• 13 District Courts
• 3 Circuit Courts
• Attorney General

5
Bill of Rights Added

• Fulfilled promise to Anti-Federalists

6
Washingtons First Cabinet

• Sec. of State- Thomas Jefferson
• Attorney General Edmund Randolph
• Secretary of War- Henry Knox
• Secretary of Treasury- Alexander Hamilton

7
YikesNew Government is Broke!

• War debt
• Creditors want payment
• Trade limited

8
Hamiltons Economic Plan

• Debt was asset???
• Sell national bonds
• Method to raise revenue
• Bank of the United States

9
Hamilton Saw 3 Benefits

• Financial credibility
• Wealthy American support
• Enrich investors

10
Opposition to Hamiltons Plan

• Southern States
• Squabbling in the Cabinet
• Jefferson and Madison

11
Interpretation of the Constitution

• Federalists
• Loose construction
• Anti-Federalists
• Strict construction

12
To Generate Revenue

• Excise Tax
• Protective Tariff

13
The Whiskey Rebellion
14
Political Parties Formed

• Federalists Hamilton and Adams
• Democratic-Republicans Jefferson and Madison

15
The Rise of Political Parties
Federalists Anti-Federalists Jeffersonians Democratic Republicans
Leaders Hamilton John Adams Jefferson James Madison
Supporters Upper Class Merchants, manufacturers bankers, large land owners Common People Farmers, city workers, small shopkeepers
Location Strongest in New England South and West
16
MoreRise of Political Parties
Federalists Anti-Federalists Jeffersonians Democratic Republicans
Relationship with Government Believed in govt for and by the rich and well-born distrusted common people Believed in more democracy govt should work in the interest of the common people
Interpretation of the Constitution Loose (implied powers) Wanted a strong central government Strict Favored states rights weak govt
Hamiltons Program Favored Beneficial to economic interests Opposed Too much power to government
Foreign Affairs Favored Great Britaingovernment dominated by upper class Favored France followed our lead to revolt in 1789
17
Battle of Fallen Timbers

• British aid to Indians
• Treaty of Greenville

18
War in EuropeAgain!

• GB and France
• Americans uncertain of position

19
French Revolution 1789

• Initial American support
• European influence
• on Federalists
• On Anti-Federalists
• US too weak to fight

20
Washingtons Decision

• Declaration of Neutrality 1793
• Trouble in the Cabinet

21
War between France and GB

• Violated Freedom of the Seas
• Impressment
• GB still in American Northwest

22
Jays Treaty (1794)

• Major provisions
• Missing from the Treaty
• Reaction to Jays Treaty

23
Pinckneys Treaty (1795) a.k.aTreaty of San
Lorenzo

• Navigation of Mississippi
• Right of Deposit
• American triumph

24
Jays Treaty
Pinckneys Treaty Treaty of San Lorenzo
25
Americans Moved West

• Jays Treaty
• Pinckneys Treaty
• Battle of Fallen Timbers

26
Washingtons Farewell Address

• 2 term precedent
• NO political parties
• NO entangling alliances
• Non-Involvement

27
Election of 1796
28
John Adams (1797-1801)
29
The French are MAD!

• Proclamation of Neutrality
• Jay Treaty

30
XYZ Affair
31
Naturalization Act

• Increased immigrant waiting period from 5 to 14
  years
• What party did this hurt???

32
Alien and Sedition Acts

• Alien Act immigrants
• Sedition Act anyone challenging the govt

33
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

• Jefferson and Madison
• nullification

34
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35
Election of 1800
36
Federalist Party Died Out

• Summary of Federalist era

37
Burr-Hamilton Duel
38
John Marshall Supreme Court
39
Marbury v Madison (1803)

• Judicial Review
• Brilliant decision

40
Marbury v Madison
41
Thomas Jefferson (1801-1808)

• Views on government
• Also
• Policies

42
Louisiana Purchase (1803)

• James Monroe and Robert Livingston
• Jeffersons interpretation of Constitution
• Was it legal???

43
Louisiana Purchase
44
Lewis and Clark
45
War in Europes Effect on the US

• Trade
• Impressments
• Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

46
Embargo Act and the Non-Intercourse Act

• Embargo
• didnt hurt Europe much
• Non-Intercourse Act
• bidding for our support

47
Election of 1808
48
Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)

• Tecumseh
• Gov. William Henry Harrison

49
War Hawks

• John C. Calhoun
• Henry Clay

50
Causes of the War of 1812

• Interference with trade
• Impressment
• Support of Indian attacks

51
War of 1812

• Military events
• British invasion
• Ft. McHenry
• Star Spangled Banner

52
Treaty of Ghent (December 1814)

• Who won???
• Treaty Provisions

53
Battle of New Orleans (January 1815)

• Ooops!
• Andrew Jackson

54
Results of the War of 1812

• Nationalism
• Isolation
• Westward Expansion

55

• Hartford Convention (1814)
• Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

56
Chapter 7

• Nationalism and Sectionalism
• 1812-1855

57
Improved Transportation and Technology

• National Road
• Steamboats
• Canals
• Railroads

58
Industrial Revolution

• Samuel Slater
• Francis Cabot Lowell

59
Lowell, Massachusetts
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Inventions of the Early 1800s
62

• Why did industrialization spread???
• Why did manufacturing begin in the North???

63
Industry Reduced Skilled Jobs

• Workers organized
• Middle class
• Emigration

64
King Cotton
65
Differences North v South

• Why was slavery defended in the South???

66
Era of Good Feelings

• James Monroe 2nd term
• American System

67
Marshalls Other Famous Cases

• Marbury v Madison
• McCulloch v Maryland
• Gibbons v Ogden

68
Boom and Bust Cycle
69
Adams-Onis Treaty
70
Monroe Doctrine
71
Missouri CompromiseResult of Regional
Differences
72
Election of 1824
73
Election of 1828
74
Jackson and Native American Relations

• Worcester v Georgia
• Trail of Tears

75
Nullification Crisis

• South Carolina and John C. Calhoun

76
The Whig Party

• Formed over Bank Controversy
• Henry Clay and Daniel Webster
• Whigs v Jacksonian Democrats

77
Election of 1832
78

• Martin Van Buren (1836)
• William Henry Harrison (1840)
• John Tyler (1840after Harrisons death)