Iron (Fe) Deficiency

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Iron (Fe) Deficiency

• Interveinal or uniform chlorosis
• Leaflet tip necrosis
• Dark green spots accompany chlorosis on some
  species
• Affects youngest leaves only

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Symptoms for Lady palms and Licuala sp.
Notice green small green spots and intervienal
chlorosis
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New leaves may emerge uniformly chlorotic
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Severe Fe deficiency. Notice leaf tip necrosis.
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Causes of Deficiencies

• Insufficient nutrients in the soil
• Nutrients in unavailable form
• pH too high or too low
• Complexation with phosphates or organic matter
• Nutrient imbalance

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Manganese deficiency is due to insufficient
amount in soil
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Potassium (K) Deficiency

• Insufficient amounts in soil
• Nutrient imbalance (due to wrong fertilizer)

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Nutrient antagonisms

• Mg deficiencies caused by nutrient imbalances
  (except for P. canariensis).
• K-deficiencies cannot be corrected by adding K
  alone.
• Fe and Mn are also antogonists.

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Causes of Deficiencies

• Root problems
• Root rot diseases
• Poor soil aeration
• Improper planting depth

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The paurotis palm on the right was suffering from
severe Fe deficiency, despite the fact that the
grower was treating them with micronutrients.
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Importance of Proper Fert. Rates

• Too Low
• Nutrient Deficiency
• Too High
• Soluble salts injury

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Prevention of Deficiencies

• Proper fertilization
• Good soil aeration
• Proper planting depth
• Proper soil pH

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Components of a Fertilization Program

• Appropriate fertilizer analysis
• Field production or landscape
• 8-2-12-4Mg plus micronutrients
• Effective sources
• Alkaline field or landscape soils
• N, K, Mg 100 controlled released
• sulfate or chelated (Fe only) micronutrients
• Balanced released characteristics for all
  nutrients

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Recommended Nutrient Sources

• N S-coated urea, urea-formaldehyde, resin-coated
  urea or ammonium salts
• K S-coated potassium sulfate
• Mg Coated or uncoated prilled kieserite
• Fe Trachelene Fe, FeEDDHA (138), not suitable
  for blending in granular fertilizers
• Mn manganese sulfate (TechMangam)
• B Solubor, borax, boric acid

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Fertilizer A Fertilizer B
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Fertilizer A Fertilizer B
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Fertilizer A Fertilizer B
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Fertilizer A Fertilizer B
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Fertilizer application methods

• Field production or landscape
• Broadcasting good
• Banding bad
• Fertigation maybe, but
• Soil injection - bad

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