Properties of Water Notes

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Properties of Water Notes
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Objectives

• Recognize the importance of hydrogen bonding.
• Explain why many compounds dissolve in water.
• Compare acids bases.

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Vocabulary

• Hydrogen bond
• Solution
• Solvent
• Solute
• Acid
• Base
• pH

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• Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water.

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• In water molecules, the oxygen atom has a
  slightly negative charge, and the hydrogen atoms
  have slightly positive charges.

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Hydrogen bond

• Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen
  atom and a slightly negative atom.

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• Waters surface tension comes from hydrogen bonds
  that cause water molecules to stick together.

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• Many compounds dissolve in water.

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Solution

• Mixture of substances in which the components are
  evenly distributed throughout.

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Solvent

• Substance in a solution that is present in the
  greater amount and that dissolves another
  substance.

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Solute

• Substance in a solution that dissolves and is
  present at a lower concentration than the solvent.

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• Some compounds form acids or bases.

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• H2O H OH-
• Water Hydrogen Hydroxide
• ion ion

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Acid

• Any compound that releases H ions in solution.

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Base

• Compound that removes H ions from a solution.

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pH

• Measurement of acidity related to free hydrogen
  ion concentration in solution.

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• Acidic solutions contain higher concentrations of
  H ions than pure water and have pH values below
  7.

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• Basic, or alkaline, solutions contain lower
  concentrations of H ions than pure water and
  have pH values above 7.