COSC 393 - Wireless Networks - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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COSC 393 - Wireless Networks

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Title: COSC 393 - Wireless Networks


1
COSC 393 - Wireless Networks
  • Bala Kalyanasundaram

2
Relevant Text (for reference)
  • Wireless Communications Principles Practice.
    Rappaport, Prentice Hall, 1996.
  • Wireless and Personal Communications Systems.
    Garg and Wilkes, Prentice Hall, 1996.
  • Wireless Personal Communications Systems.
    Goodman, Addison-Wesley, 1997.
  • Bluetooth Revealed. Miller and Bisidikian,
    Prentice Hall, 2001.

3
Outline
  • Historical Overview
  • What happens when you make a call?
  • Developments in US and Europe

4
Communication
  • Acoustical
  • Optical
  • Mechanical
  • Electrical
  • wired
  • wireless

5
  • Use of light as communication
  • heliographs, flags (semaphore), ...
  • 150 BC smoke signals for communication(Greece)
  • 1794, optical telegraph, Claude Chappe
  • Electromagnetic Wave
  • 1831-79 Faraday and Maxwell demonstrates
    electromagnetic induction and theory of
    electromagnetic fields
  • H. Hertz (1857-94) demonstrates the wave
    character of electrical transmission through space

6
Attributes of Telecommunication
  • Speed
  • - Ability to transmit in real-time
  • Coverage
  • - Regional, National and International
  • Reliability
  • Cost
  • - 1860s 20 word telegram 5-100
  • Security

7
High Tech of 19th Century
  • 1850 First submarine line
  • 1858 First transatlantic cable
  • - breaks after 3 month
  • 1866 Higher quality cable
  • - London to Bombay in 4 ½ mins.
  • 1924 Telegram around the world in 80 secs.

8
  • 1896 Guglielmo Marconi
  • first demonstration of wireless telegraphy
  • long wave transmission, high transmission power
    necessary ( 200kw)
  • 1907 Commercial transatlantic connections
  • huge ground stations (30 by100m antennas)
  • 1915 Wireless voice transmission NY - SF
  • 1920 Discovery of short waves (lt 100m) by Marconi
  • reflection at the ionosphere
  • (cheaper) smaller sender and receiver, possible
    due to the invention of the vacuum tube (1906,
    Lee DeForest and Robert von Lieben)

9
  • 1920 First commercial radio broadcast in Pgh.
  • 1928 many TV broadcast trials
  • 1933 Frequency modulation (E. H. Armstrong)
  • 1935 First telephone call around the world
  • 1958, then 1972 A-Netz and B-Netz in Germany
  • analog, 160MHz, connection setup from the fixed
    network too (but location of the mobile station
    has to be known)
  • 1974 FCC allocates 40Mhz for Cellular telephony
  • 1982 Start of GSM-specification in Europe
    (Global System for Mobile communication)
  • 1983 Start of the American AMPS (Advanced
    Mobile Phone System, analog)
  • 1984 CT-1 standard (Europe) for cordless
    telephones

10
  • 1986 C-Netz in Germany
  • analog voice, 450MHz, hand-over possible, digital
    signaling, automatic location of mobile device
  • still in use today (as T-C-Tel), services FAX,
    modem, X.25, e-mail, 98 coverage
  • 1991 Specification of DECT
  • Digital European Cordless Telephone (today
    Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications)
  • - 100-500m range, 120 duplex channels,
    1.2Mbit/s data transmission, voice encryption,
    authentication
  • 1992 Start of GSM
  • fully digital, 900MHz, 124 channels
  • automatic location, hand-over, cellular
  • roaming in Europe - now worldwide in more than
    100 countries
  • services data with 9.6kbit/s, FAX, voice, ...

11
  • 1994 E-Netz in Germany
  • GSM with 1800MHz, smaller cells, supported by 11
    countries
  • 1996 HiperLAN (High Performance Radio Local Area
    Network)
  • standardization of type 1 5.15 - 5.30GHz,
    23.5Mbit/s
  • recommendations for type 2 and 3 (both 5GHz) and
    4 (17GHz) as wireless ATM-networks (up to
    155Mbit/s)
  • 1997 Wireless LAN - IEEE802.11
  • IEEE-Standard, 2.4 - 2.5GHz and infrared, 2Mbit/s
  • already many products (with proprietary
    extensions)
  • 1998 Specification of GSM successors
  • for UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication
    System) as European proposals for IMT-2000

12
wireless LAN
cordlessphones
cellular phones
satellites
1980CT0
1981 NMT 450
1982 Inmarsat-A
1984CT1
1983 AMPS
1986 NMT 900
1987CT1
1988 Inmarsat-C
1991 D-AMPS
1991 CDMA
1989 CT 2
199x proprietary
1991 DECT
1992 GSM
1992 Inmarsat-B Inmarsat-M
1995/96/97 IEEE 802.11, HIPERLAN
1993 PDC
1994DCS 1800
1998 Iridium
2005? MBS, WATM
analog
2005? UMTS/IMT-2000
digital
13
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