PGCE Lecture Middlesex University

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PGCE LectureMiddlesex University

• Systematic Synthetic Phonics

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The Rose Report independent review of the
teaching of early reading2006
CONTEXT
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• Recommendations
• High quality phonic work as the
• first approach to reading.
• To foster speaking and listening skills.
• To blend in order left to right through
• the word.
• HFW discuss the tricky bit

There are statutory amendments to the National
Curriculum in En2 reading and the EYFS
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What is synthetic phonics?

• It refers to an approach to the teaching of
  reading in which the phonemes (sounds) associated
  with particular graphemes (letters) are
  pronounced in isolation and blended together
  (synthesised).

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What is systematic phonics instruction?

• Phonics instruction is systematic when all the
  major grapheme-phoneme correspondences are taught
  and they are covered in a clearly defined
  sequence.
• Review into the Teaching of Early Reading
• (2006 17)

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(No Transcript)
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Rose report key recommendations

• The teaching of early reading should be
  contextualised within a broad and rich
• multi-sensory language curriculum, i.e
• Varied opportunities to listen and talk
• Quality reading experiences, i.e. being read to,
  sharing or independently reading from a range of
  reading materials, e.g. poetry, narrative,
  non-fiction.
• A holistic view of learning that makes sensible
  links between subject areas.
• Appropriate use of ICT.

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Background

• Rose Review in the Teaching of Early Reading 2006
• Changes in the statutory requirements of National
  Curriculum and Early Years Foundation Stage to
  reflect new focus on phonics
• Letters and Sounds resources sent to all schools
  2007
• Emphasis on systematic phonics teaching (
  synthetic regarded as best approach)
• Increasing attention on systematic synthetic
  phonics (SSP) as main teaching approach in early
  reading 2010
• Governments decision on a phonics screening
  check for 6 year olds 2010 ( pilot 2011 and
  rolled out 2012)
• Change in criteria for phonics programmes 2010
  now includes decodable books
• New standards for Teachers (2012) includes
  ability to demonstrate a clear understanding of
  SSP.

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The English language has 44 phonemesand 26
letters

• A phoneme can be represented by one or more
  letters. E.g. t kn igh
• The same phoneme can be represented (spelt) in
  more than one way. E.g. rain may lake
• The same grapheme may represent more than one
  phoneme .E.g mean deaf field tried

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Alphabetic code Phonemes are represented by
graphemes
The skill of Blending (synthesising) READING
The skill of Segmenting SPELLING
C a t cat
Cat c a t
Blending and segmenting are reversible processes
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The four principles of SSP

• Learn grapheme/phoneme (letter/ sound)
  correspondences (the alphabetic code) in a
  clearly defined, incremental sequence (GPC)
• Apply the highly important skill of blending
  (synthesising) phonemes, in order, all through a
  word to read it
• Apply the skills of segmenting words into their
  constituent phonemes to spell
• Blending and segmenting are reversible processes.

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A segmenting activity

• Segment these words into their constituent
  phonemes
• shelf
• dress
• thing
• boat
• eight

Answers on next slide
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Segmenting
WORD PHONEMES PHONEMES PHONEMES PHONEMES PHONEMES PHONEMES
shelf sh e l f
dress d r e ss
thing th i ng
boat b oa t
eight eigh t
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Phonic TerminologyThese terms can be used with
children

• Phoneme
• Grapheme
• Digraph
• Split digraph
• Trigraph
• Blending
• Segmenting

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Support Resources

• UniHub University resources ( Rose Review,
  planning templates and examples, Letters and
  Sounds Handbook, observation prompts)
• Websites ( National Archives, )
• Software ( Multimedia, Splash)

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A phonics quiz

• What is a phoneme?
• What is oral blending?
• What is a digraph/ Give an example.
• How many ways to spell the /ie/ sound?
• What is a grapheme?
• What is a tricky word
• What do the letters GPC mean?

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Phonic Resource
Any programme that meets the criteria for high
quality phonic work Jolly Phonics Read Write Inc
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Phase 1 in Letters and SoundsSummary

• Distinguishing between different sounds e.g.
  environment, instruments, body percussion,
  speech.
• Awareness and experimenting with speech sounds
  and words e.g. alliteration and rhymes.
• Beginning to orally blend and segment phonemes.

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Phase 2 in Letters and SoundsSummary

• The start of systematic phonic work.
• Introduction of the GPCs (grapheme-phoneme
  correspondences)
• 19 letters in 5 sets over 6 weeks
• 1st set is s a t p
• Teaching a letter hear it , say it and write
  it.
• Blending and segmenting VC and CVC words.
• Read high frequency words HFW
• Also introduce two syllable words and captions

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Phonological awareness