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Greenhouse Gas Calculator for Biodiesel

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Greenhouse Gas Calculator for Biodiesel Heike Hintze-Gharres HGCA – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Greenhouse Gas Calculator for Biodiesel


1
Greenhouse Gas Calculator for Biodiesel
  • Heike Hintze-Gharres
  • HGCA

2
Framework and targets- combat climate change
  • Kyoto Protocol - commitment to reduce GHG
    emissions
  • UK committed to a 12 reduction by 2008-2012
  • EU target to reduce carbon dioxide emissions 20
    by 2020
  • UK Climate Change Bill Reduce CO2 emissions
    80 by 2050
  • 20 of all EU energy to come from renewables by
    2020
  • 15 of all UK energy to come from renewables by
    2020
  • EU target of 10 road fuel from biofuels by 2020
    (by energy)
  • 10 of UK electricity supply from renewable
    energy by 2010, rising to 20 by 2020

3
Regional UK biodiesel production - four biodiesel
plants currently in operation
Plants in Operation Plants in Operation Plants in Operation Plants in Operation Plants in Operation
1 Ebony (Rapeseed Soyabeans) Ebony (Rapeseed Soyabeans) Ebony (Rapeseed Soyabeans) Cheshire
2 Greenergy (Rapeseed) Greenergy (Rapeseed) Greenergy (Rapeseed) Immingham
3 Biofuels Corp (Rapeseed) Biofuels Corp (Rapeseed) Biofuels Corp (Rapeseed) Middlesborough
4 Argent (Tallow, Cooking Oil) Argent (Tallow, Cooking Oil) Argent (Tallow, Cooking Oil) Motherwell

Plants under Construction / Planning Plants under Construction / Planning Plants under Construction / Planning Plants under Construction / Planning Plants under Construction / Planning
5 5 ABS Biodiesel Avonmouth Avonmouth
6 6 Tees Valley Middlesborough Middlesborough
7 7 INEOS Grangemouth Grangemouth
8 8 DMF Rosyth Rosyth
9 9 Goes On Green Tyne and Wear Tyne and Wear
More than 50 cereals 40-50 cereals 20-40
cereals Less than 20 cereals
9
6
1
5
Source HGCA
4
UK biodiesel production capacity- was just
2.6 of EU biodiesel output in 2007
EBB estimates in 2005, 2006 and 2007 FO
Licht forecasts from 2007 prior to 2005 less
than 50,000t produced f Forecasts
Sources EEB, FO Licht, HGCA
5
Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO)- in
force since 15 April 2008
  • Obligation for fuel suppliers to ensure certain
    volume percentage of their aggregate sales is
    from biofuel
  • 2.5 for 2008 (1.07Mt biofuels)
  • 3.75 for 2009 (1.6Mt biofuels)
  • 5.0 for 2010 (2.5Mt biofuels)
  • But Gallagher Review recommends to slow
    introduction of biofuels in UK
  • 2.5 for 2008
  • 3.0 for 2009
  • 3.5 for 2010
  • 4.0 for 2011
  • 4.5 for 2012
  • 5.0 for 2013 Recommendations still out for
    public consultation

Estimates based on 2005 fuel sales (Dft)
Sources Dft, HGCA
6
First quarterly UK RFA report- increased use of
biofuels in road fuel, but majority of feedstock
is imported
  • Biodiesel made up 4.20 or 363.4M litres of
    diesel for road transport
  • Bioethanol accounted for 0.92 or 69.4M litres
    of petrol for road transport

- Biofuel accounted for 2.67 of road fuel, above
the RTFObligation of 2.5 for 2008
- Overall GHG reduction in Q1 was 44 (target
40), with UK biofuels averaging GHG savings gt 75
Source RFA
7
HGCA Greenhouse Gas Calculator (GHG)-
calculating the carbon footprint of biofuels made
from UK feedstock
  • The GHG calculator is an interactive
    demonstration tool for calculating GHG emissions
    resulting from the production and use of fuel
    from rapeseed and wheat from the UK
  • The calculator is designed for use on farm and
    throughout the supply chain
  • It uses detailed information from every stage of
    the production process for biofuel gt Farming
  • Pre-processing
  • Feedstock transport
  • Conversion
  • End fuel transport
  • It generates a report on the GHG emissions which
    is then compared to emissions from production and
    use of diesel
  •  

8
Farm Audits- allowing GHG emissions for
biodiesel feedstock to be calculated at farm level
  • developed, as a possible bolt-on to the Assured
    Combinable Crops Scheme (ACCS) audits
  • Audit questions on
  • Cultivations
  • Soil type
  • Fertiliser usage
  • Pesticide usage
  • Grain nitrogen
  • Grain drying

Source HGCA
9
HGCA Greenhouse Gas calculator- developed for
rapeseed to biodiesel and wheat to ethanol
http//www.hgca.com/biofuelcalc/
  • Inputs
  • Fertiliser
  • Seeds
  • Pesticides
  • Fuels
  • Straw
  • Crop Yield

Defaults are a combination of farm audit,
historical and IPCC data
Source HGCA
10
HGCA Greenhouse Gas calculator- transport and
preprocessing
  • Diesel fuel consumed transporting rapeseed to
    plant

Source HGCA
11
HGCA Greenhouse Gas calculator- processing
Oil Extraction
Energy for Processing
End Fuel Transport
12
HGCA Greenhouse Gas calculator- summarising GHG
emissions
Nitrogen inputs account for over 90 of on-farm
GHG emissions, of which 60 is due to nitrous
oxide (N2O)
On-farm fuel, pesticide and seed supply based
emissions account for about 20 of farm GHG
emissions
Source HGCA
13
HGCA Greenhouse Gas calculator- comparing GHG
emissions
Lower GHG emissions of between 18 - 39 have been
calculated for the production of biodiesel when
compared to fossil fuel-derived diesel
Source HGCA
14
Carbon and energy saving - benefits of biodiesel
versus conventional diesel
57
66
94
97
Source NE Associates 2007
15
Future development?- ongoing improvement of GHG
calculator
  • Specific research needed in the following areas
  • Farm audits
  • Greater use of / development of N20 fertiliser
    abatement technology in the manufacture of N
    fertiliser
  • Indirect land use change
  • Co-product allocation
  • Crop Breeding

16
Thank You Heike.Hintze_at_hgca.com 00 44 20 7520 3957
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