The Cell Cycle

1
The Cell Cycle

• Interphase Mitosis

2
Intro

• The cell cycle is the order of steps (cycle) a
  cell goes through in order to make new cells.
• The order of the stages of the cell cycle are
• G1 (Gap 1)
• S (Synthesis)
• G2 (Gap 2)
• M (Mitosis)
• Cytokinesis

interphase
3
G1 phase (Interphase)

• Growth and normal specialized roles
• Normal cell growth lag phase
• Cell grows in size (doubles), collects nutrients
  needed for synthesis

4
S phase (Interphase)

• Genetic information inside of the cell doubles to
  create two sets of identical chromosomes.

5
G2 phase (Interphase)

• Cell produces cell parts which are needed
  during mitosis
• Organelles are copied

6
M (Mitosis)

• Mitosis is the division of one mother cell into
  two identical daughter cells (asexual
  reproduction)

7
Prophase

• Spindle Fibers form
• Centrioles move to opposite poles
• Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane
  disappears

8
Metaphase

• Chromosomes line up along the equator of the
  cell.
• METAPHASEMIDDLE!

9
Anaphase

• Sister chromatids separate
• Sister chromatids, now called daughter
  chromosomes, move to opposite poles

10
Telophase

• Nuclear membranes reform around each group of
  chromosomes
• Chromosomes unwind
• Cytokinesis begins, forming a cleavage furrow in
  animals and the cell wall begins to reform in
  fungal and plant cells.

11
Cytokinesis

• The process by which the cytoplasm divides and
  one cell becomes two individual cells.
• Process is different for plant and animal cells
• Animals - cell membrane pinches inward
• Plants - a new cell wall forms between the two
  new cells

12
Cell Cycle
13
Cancer

• Cancer occurs when cells no longer respond to
  cell cycle controls.
• UNCONTROLLED DIVISION Never enters G0!