Mitosis

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Mitosis Cell Division

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Why Divide?
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Cell Cycle
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Mitosis

• The process in which a cell divides to produce
  two daughter cells.
• Both daughter cells are genetically identical
  copies of the parent cell and have the same
  number of chromosomes.
• Focuses on what chromosomes do during cell
  division. During mitosis, chromosomes occur in
  like-pairs and are referred to as homologous.

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Figure 12.3 Chromosome duplication and
distribution during mitosis
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Interphase

• resting phase
• Cell is going through normal activities, but is
  resting from division.
• When ready to begin dividing the chromosomes
  duplicate and DNA is replicated.

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Prophase

• mitosis begins
• chromosomal material condenses into thread-like
  chromosomes
• nuclear membrane and nucleolus break up
• in animal cells centrioles divide and begin to
  move to the poles (no centrioles in plant cells)
• spindles appear

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Metaphase

• Chromosome pairs move towards the center and line
  up on the equator of the cell
• A spindle fiber attaches to each of the
  centromeres of the chromosomes

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Anaphase

• paired chromatids separate and are pulled apart
  by the spindle fibers to the poles
• daughter chromosomes are created (division of
  genetic material)

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Telophase

• clean up stage
• a nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear
• chromosomes unwind
• Spindle fibers disappear

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Cytokinesis

• Once mitosis is completed (in the animal cell),
  the cytoplasm splits
• Two genetically identical daughter cells are
  produced
• Next, the two new cells each begin the cell cycle

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Cell Division
Plant cell
Animal cell
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