Barriers to Trade: Practical Aspects for Analyzing Trade Potentials

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Barriers to TradePractical Aspects for
Analyzing Trade Potentials
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Reflections

• How is foreign trade different from internal
  trade?
• Why are barriers imposed?
• How do we distinguish between products with
  similar physical characters?

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Exporting Country
Barriers at the Boarder
Barriers at the Border
Importing Country
Barriers inside Boarder
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Export Barriers

• Export Tax
• Export Restriction
• Export Prohibition

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Import Barriers

• Tariffs
• Ad valorem
• Specific
• Mixed
• Compound
• Para Tariffs
• Customs processing
• Bond
• Non-tariffs

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Non-Tariff Measures
Import Quota
AD /CVD
Harmonized Code
Subsidy
Environment / labour
Performance Requirement
Para Tariffs
standard / labeling
Rule of Origin
National Treatment
State trading
Import Licensing
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Internal Barriers

• Variable Levies
• Excise tax