Chapter 22 Section 1 Handout

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Chapter 22 Section 1 Handout

• Characteristics of the Atmosphere

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1

• Define atmosphere.
• A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet.

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• Describe two important functions served by
  Earths atmosphere.
• Protects Earths surface from the suns
  radiation.
• Helps regulate the temperature

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• Describe the four steps of the nitrogen cycle.
• from air
• to soil
• from soil to plants and animals
• back to the air again

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• Identify six ways oxygen is removed from the
  atmosphere.
• animals
• bacteria
• plants
• forest fires
• burning of fuels
• weathering of some rocks

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• explain how oxygen is returned to the atmosphere.
• Plants produce large quantities of oxygen during
  photosynthesis.

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• As water evaporates from oceans, lakes streams,
  and soil, it enters air as ______.
• water vapor.

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• What is the life process by which plants and
  animals give off water vapor?
• transpiration

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• What is ozone? How does if differ from oxygen?
• Ozone is a form of oxygen present in the
  atmosphere in small amounts.
• Ozone (O3) is made up of three oxygen atoms,
  rather than two atoms like in oxygen (O2) .

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• What purpose does the ozone layer serve?
• Absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the
  sun
• Without it, living organisms would be severely
  damaged by the sun.

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• Describe the effect of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
  on the ozone layer.
• They break down ozone and have caused parts of
  the ozone layer to weaken.

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• What are particulates?
• Various tiny solid particles in the atmosphere.

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• The pressure exerted on a surface by the
  atmosphere is called
• Atmospheric pressure.

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• It can be said that atmospheric pressure
  decreases as altitude
• increases.

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Matching

1. standard atmospheric pressure
2. barometer
3. mercurial barometer
4. aneroid barometer
5. altimeter

1. instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
   using a column of liquid mercury
2. instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
   changes in atmospheric pressure cause the sides
   of sealed metal container to bend inward or bulge
   out
3. an instrument used to measure atmospheric
   pressure
4. an aneroid barometer that registers altitude
   above sea level rather than air pressure
5. 1 atmosphere the average atmospheric pressure at
   sea level, equaling 760 mm of mercury of 1,000
   millibars

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• Explain why the temperature in the troposphere
  decreases as altitude increases.
• Air in the troposphere is heated from below by
  thermal energy that radiates from Earths surface.

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• What is a temperature inversion?
• A layering of warm air on top of cool air.

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The End