Unit 5: Chapters 19, 20

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Unit 5 Chapters 19, 20 21 Asexual and Sexual
Reproduction

• Creating more organisms

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A. _____________________ 1. ___________________
___
2. Forms of Asexual Reproduction a)
__________________ - basically another
name for mitosis - used by many
___________ _________
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b) ____________________ - _____________________
___ - ______ and hydra
c) ________________ - making _______ like a
seed but ________________ to the parent
- ___________________
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d) __________________ - ability of an
organism to ________ lost body parts - ability
decreases as the organisms become more complex

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e) ___________________ - asexual reproduction
in _____ 1) _____ 2) _____ 3) _____
4) _____ 5) _____ 6) _____
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f) _______________ - ________________
ADVANTAGES FOR ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION?
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B. ________________________ 1. Advantages for
Sexual Reproduction - __________ ? allows
for adaptation to new environments -
____________ - __________________ 2.
____________________ - _______ ?
_________ ___________________ 3.
_____________ - __________________________
- ________________________ -
formation of a ________
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4. Development - Development is the process by
which the zygote becomes the organism -
_______ ? ________ ? ____________________
________________ a) Embryo Development
1) Mitosis - cell division to make more cells

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2) Cells grow between divisions - Cell layers
germ layers become different parts of
the organism __________ ______________________
_____________ _______________________ ________
_____ _______________________
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5. Human Reproduction a) ______ Reproductive
System

______ male gonads make _______________________
__ 100,000s of sperm produced _________ sac
that holds testes outside the body wall Sperm
production and storage has to be at a _________
____________________
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Epididymis storage area for sperm __________
tube that carries sperm from the
______________________ _______ tube through
the penis in which sperm are ejaculated Semen
mixture of sperm ad fluids
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b) Female Reproductive System
________ female gonads, produce _________ and
________ Produces ___________________
________ ________________________
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_____________________ tube leading from the
ovary to the uterus the Fallopian tubes are
_______________________ ________ thick muscular
walled organ where implantation of the egg takes
place the fertilized egg will grow and develop
here Birth Canal Vagina site where sperm are
deposited
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c) Menstrual Cycle - hormone controlled
process by which the egg develops and is
released - the brain and ovary secrete 4
different hormones to control the cycle
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1) Follicle Stage pituitary secretes follicle
stimulating hormone (FSH) ? causes the egg to
develop in the ovary ? also cause the ovary
to produce estrogen ? estrogen causes the
uterine lining to thicken with tissue 2)
Ovulation high levels of estrogen causes the
pituitary to stop secreting FSH and to begin
secreting luteinizing hormone LH ? high
levels of LH cause the ovary to release the
egg (usually occurs in the middle of the
cycle) 3) Corpus Luteum the release of the
egg from the ovary causes the ovary to secrete
progesterone (pregnancy hormone) ?
progesterone helps maintain the uterine lining 4)
Menstruation only if the egg is not
fertilized secretions of LH and progesterone
decrease and the uterine lining is shed from
the body with the unfertilized egg
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d) Human Development 1) _______________________
__ sperm deposited in the vagina and swim
up the uterus to the __________________
One sperm fertilizes the egg in vitro
fertilization Twins 2) ____________________
as the fertilized egg travels down the
Fallopian tubes it goes through cleavage
upon reaching the uterus the egg fastens
itself to the uterine lining and begins
pregnancy ectopic pregnancy ____________________
_____
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3) ________________________________________
A _______________ site where mother and
fetus ________________________ ______
blood does not cross between mother and
fetus B ____________________ rope like tube
that carries the nutrients and wastes to and
from the fetus C _____________ D
___________________ surrounded by the chorion
(membrane) helps protect the fetus and
keep it stable
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4) Fetal Nourishment Substances in the
mothers blood pass to the fetus _____________
_______ _________________ and Viruses 5)
__________ gestation length of pregnancy
40 weeks (9 mon.) _______ muscular
contractions of the uterus premature birth
cesarian section 6) Growth ? Puberty ? Growth ?
Death