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Introduction to Atoms

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Introduction to Atoms & Bonding Atoms The smallest particle unique to given element; it has one or more subatomic particles Subatomic Particles Charge Mass Location ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Introduction to Atoms


1
Introduction to Atoms Bonding
2
Atoms
  • The smallest particle unique to given element it
    has one or more subatomic particles
  • Subatomic Particles
  • Charge Mass Location
  • Protons Positive 1 nucleus
  • Neutrons neutral 1 nucleus
  • Electrons negative 0 orbiting

3
Subatomic Particles
  • Protons
  • the Atomic Number
  • Neutrons
  • the Atomic Mass (rounded) minus the Atomic
    Number
  • Electrons
  • the same as the number of Protons (unless
    otherwise told)

4
Bohr Diagrams
  • Represent the Nucleus
  • Write the number of protons and neutrons
  • Represent the Electron Orbits
  • First Orbit holds up to 2 electrons
  • Second Orbit holds up to 8 electrons
  • Third Orbit holds up to 8 electrons
  • Fourth Orbit at least 8 electrons

5
Lewis Dot Diagrams
  • Write the Atomic Symbol
  • Represent only the Outer Electrons with Dots
    around the Atomic Symbol

6
Bonding
  • Atoms bond in order to become stable
  • 1) Electrically
  • equal number of protons and electrons
  • 2) Structurally
  • full outer orbit of electrons

7
Ionic Bonding
  • Type of chemical bond in which atoms transfer
    electrons (one gains and one loses). During the
    transfer each atom become an ion (a charged atom).

8
Covalent Bonding
  • Type of chemical bond in which atoms share
    electrons.
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