Romantic Period 1825 - 1900 AD

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Romantic Period 1825 - 1900 AD
Music History
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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Romantic does not necessarily refer to love. It
refers to all emotions (love, anger, fear, joy,
etc)
-- Vocal Music
a. Romantic Opera
-larger, louder, more dramatic than Classical
Opera
-very realistic, sometimes violent
b. Lieder
-German for songs
-short musical piece for voice and piano
-based on poetry
-usually written in groups of lieder called song
cycles
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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Instrumental Music
a. Romantic Symphony
-larger, louder, and more dramatic than the
Classical Symphony.
-4 movements
-French Horn, English Horn, harp, bass clarinet,
and trombone were added to the orchestra at this
time
b. Tone Poem
-a piece for symphony orchestra that only had
one movement.
-usually only expressed a single emotion
--During this time the piano became louder and
more powerful--
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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Important Composers
a. Robert Schumann
-from Germany
-wrote lieder and several symphonies
-made a living as a music critic
b. Franz Schubert
-from Germany
-wrote mostly lieder (sometimes as many as 6 in
one day)
c. Clara Schumann
-wife of Robert Schumann
-great piano player and composer
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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Important Composers (continued)
Johannes Brahms
-from Germany
-wrote lieder, symphonies, and chamber music
-his first symphony was nicknamed Beethovens
10th because it was considered as good as
Beethovens symphonies
-third of the Three Bs (along with Bach
and Beethoven)
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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Important Composers (continued)
Camille Saint-Saens
- From France
- Also an organist and conductor

• One of the most talented child prodigies of his
  time
• had perfect pitch at age of 2 and started playing
  piano
• at this time, where he immediately began composing

• Wrote first symphony at age 16

• Most known pieces The Carnival of the Animals
• Danse Macabre
• Symphony No. 3

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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Important Composers (continued)

• Age of the Virtuoso

-a virtuoso is someone who is the best at
their particular instrument
-there were several virtuosos at this time
Franz Lizst - Hungary - piano
Frederic Chopin - Poland - piano
Nicolo Paganini - Italy - violin
Performers who show personality and extraordinary
ability on their instrument are virtuosos
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Music History
Romantic --- 1825 - 1900 AD
Important Composers (continued)
Opera Composers
Wagner from Germany transformed opera and
sometimes wrote operas that were 6 hours long!
- Puccini - Italy
- Verdi - Italy
- Rossini - Italy
? Nationalism
-glorify your homeland (composers would often use
folk songs and folk lore in their music)
Tchaikovsky - Russian Nationalistic Composer
- wrote very famous ballet music (The Nutcracker)
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Music History
H. 20th Century --- 1900 - 1991 AD
Paris, France
1. Claude Debussy was from _____________.
Wagner
2. The composer, _________, was Debussys hero.

• Since the late 1700s, German music had been
  dominated by
• The principal of __________.

tonality

• Debussy developed a new type of music that was
  called
• _________________________.

impressionistic/impressionism
relaxed

• Debussys use of scales created a more __________
  feeling
• in his music.

• Schoenberg began to write music in which the
  sense of
• tonality was virtually ______________.

eliminated

• In the 1920s, Schoenberg developed a technique
  for writing
• music without a tonal center that was called
  __________________.

the 12-tone system
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Music History
H. 20th Century --- 1900 - 1991 AD
8. Did the public like Schoenbergs new sound?
________
No

• A new ballet troupe was being formed in Paris.
  The new
• inexperienced composer that was assigned to write
  a score for a
• full ballet was _______________________.

Igor Stravinsky
10. His second ballet, Petrouchka, was the story
of 3 _________.
puppets

• What happened in Paris in 1913 when his third
  ballet,
• The Rite of Spring was premiered?
  ______________________.

a riot broke out

• The controversy surrounding the performance of
• The Rite of Spring made Stravinsky ____________.

famous
Finland

• Jean Sibelius of __________ was among those
  composers
• Interested in fostering a national musical style.

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Music History
H. 20th Century --- 1900 - 1991 AD

• Name the first English composer who gained fame
  during
• this period. ________

Elgar
folk

• Ralph Vaughan-Williams was fascinated by English
  ______
• Songs and traveled the English countryside to
  collect them.

Hungary
16. Bela Bartok was from __________.

• Composers in the US generally modeled themselves
  after
• well-known ____________ composers.

European
Connecticut
18. Charles Ives was from the state of
_____________.

• When Ives realized that he could not make a
  living
• composing experimental music, he went into the
  ____________
• business.

insurance
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Music History
H. 20th Century --- 1900 - 1991 AD
No
20. Was Charles Ives a famous composer in his
lifetime? _____

• What was happening with audiences at the time-how
  were
• they reacting to the new music that was being
  performed?
• _________________________________________________
• _________________________________________________

They rejected it in favor of the music of the
18th and 19th centuries.