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Mirrors

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Chapter 18 Mirrors & Lenses – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Mirrors


1
Chapter 18
  • Mirrors Lenses

2
Calculate the angle of total internal reflection
in ignoramium(n 4.0)
3
Mirrors
  • Smooth surfaces that reflect light waves

4
Mirrors
  • Mirrors have been used for thousands of years by
    polishing metal

5
Mirrors
  • Mirrors producing sharp well defined images
    were developed by Jean Foucault in 1857

6
Mirrors
  • Jean Foucault developed a method to coat glass
    with silver making excellent mirrors

7
Object
  • The source of the spreading light waves being
    observed

8
Image
  • A reproduction of an object observed through
    lenses or mirrors

9
Image
  • When you look into a mirror, you see an image of
    yourself

10
Plane Mirror
  • Mirrors on smooth flat surfaces that give regular
    reflection and good images

11
Regular Reflection
  • All reflect waves are parallel producing a good
    image

12
Diffuse Reflection
  • Reflect waves from a rough surface bounce in all
    directions producing a poor or no image

13
Objects Images
  • Objects images are represented by arrows as to
    distinguish the top from the bottom

14
do
di
ho
hi
image
object
di do hi ho
15
Virtual Image
  • Light rays focus on a point behind the mirror

16
Virtual Image
  • Virtual images are erect image object pointing
    in the same direction

17
Concave Mirrors
  • Light rays are reflect from the inner (caved in)
    surface part of a hollow sphere

18
Concave Mirrors
  • Parallel light rays converge when reflected off
    of a concave mirror

19
Concave Mirrors
F focal point
C
F
C center of curvature
Principal axis
20
Focal Point
  • Point at which parallel light rays converge
    (reflecting from a concave mirror in this case)

21
Focal Length (f)
  • The distance between the mirror or lens and the
    focal point

22
Center of Curvature
  • The center of the sphere whose inner surface
    makes the concave mirror

23
Concave Mirrors
24
Concave Mirrors
25
Concave Mirrors
26
Concave Mirrors
27
Concave Mirrors
28
Concave Mirrors
29
Concave Mirrors
do gt C di lt do hi lt ho
30
Concave Mirrors
31
Concave Mirrors
32
Concave Mirrors
33
Concave Mirrors
34
Concave Mirrors
35
Concave Mirrors
do C di do hi ho
36
Concave Mirrors
37
Concave Mirrors
38
Concave Mirrors
39
Concave Mirrors
40
Concave Mirrors
41
Concave Mirrors
do lt C di gt do hi gt ho
42
Concave Mirrors
43
Concave Mirrors
44
Concave Mirrors
45
Concave Mirrors
46
Concave Mirrors
47
Concave Mirrors
48
Concave Mirrors
do lt f di BM hi gt ho
49
Problems with Concave Mirrors
50
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
51
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
52
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
53
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
54
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
55
Mirror Lens Formula
1 1 1 f do di


56
Mirror Lens Formula
  • f focal length
  • do object distance
  • di image distance

57
Magnification Formula
hi di ho do

58
Magnificaton
hi ho
M
59
Magnification Formula
M magnification ho object height hi
image height
60
Problems
61
A 5.0 cm object is placed 25.0 cm from a concave
mirror with a focal length of 10.0 cm.
Calculatedi, hi, M
62
A 250 mm object is placed 25 cm from a concave
mirror whose center of curvature is 250 mm.
Calculatedi, hi, M
63
A 15 cm object placed 75 cm from a concave mirror
produces an image 50.0 cm from the mirror.
Calculatef, hi, M
64
A 50.0 mm object is placed 0.25 m from a concave
mirror with a focal length of 50.0 cm.
Calculatedi, hi, M
65
Convex Mirrors
  • Light rays are reflected from the outer surface
    part of a sphere

66
Convex Mirrors
  • Parallel light rays diverge when reflected off of
    a convex mirror

67
Convex Mirrors
do lt f di BM hi lt ho
68
(No Transcript)
69
Spherical Aberration
  • The parallel rays reflected off of the edges of a
    spherical concave mirror miss the focal point,
    blurring the image.

70
Spherical Aberration
  • This is corrected by using a parabolic concave
    mirror

71
Lenses
  • Transparent material that allows that light to
    pass through, but refracts the light rays

72
Concave Lenses
  • Caved in lenses where the center is thinner than
    the edges

73
Convex Lenses
  • Bulging lenses where the center is thicker than
    the edges

74
Concave Lenses
  • Parallel light rays diverge when passing through
    a concave lens

75
Convex Lenses
  • Parallel light rays converge when passing through
    a convex lens

76
Convex Lenses
77
Convex Lenses
78
Concave Lenses
79
Chromatic Aberration
  • The parallel rays passing through a lens are
    refracted at the edges more so than at the center
    dispersing the colors

80
Chromatic Aberration
  • Corrected through lens coating or double lens
    effect

81
Achromatic Lens
  • A lens that has been made so that there is no
    chromatic aberration

82
Find the image
83
Eye Glasses
  • Concave lenses correct nearsightedness
  • Convex lenses correct farsightedness

84
Nearsighted
  • Sees close-up well, but cannot see distances very
    well

85
Farsighted
  • Sees distances well, but cannot see close-up very
    well

86
A 150 cm object placed 75 cm from a concave
mirror produces an image 250 cm from the mirror.
Draw Calculate f, hi, M
87
A 250 cm object placed 1.5 m from a convex lens
with a focal length 50.0 cm from the mirror.
Calculatedi, hi, M
88
A 350 cm object placed 150 cm from a convex
mirror with a focal length -75 cm from the
mirror. Calculatedi, hi, M
89
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
Mirror
90
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
91
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
92
Draw Ray Diagram Determine Type of Image
Mirror
93
Draw the Ray Diagram
94
Draw the Ray Diagram
95
Convex Lenses
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