3.4 Notes (French and Indian War)

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3.4 Notes (French and Indian War)
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French Empire Expands

• After establishing Quebec, the French colonist
  claimed the entire Mississippi river valley for
  France, renaming it Louisiana
• However, by 1754, there were only 70,000 French
  colonist compared to over 1 million British
  colonist

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Mississippi River Valley
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Britain and France

• French and Indian War (The French and Native
  Americans vs. Great Britain and the British
  Colonist)the fourth war between Great Britain
  and France over control of North America

• France and Britain fight three inconclusive wars
  in 1600s and 1700s
• French colony based on fur trade, allies with
  Native Americans

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War Erupts

• French build Fort Duquesne in land claimed by
  Virginia (Ohio Valley)
• French crush Virginia militia under George
  Washington in 1754
• 17551756, French and allies continue to defeat
  British militia

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Britain Defeats an Old Enemy

• William Pitt, British politician, leads Britain
  to victory
• Iroquois natives begin to help the British
• British troops capture Quebec in a surprise
  attack in 1759

• Treaty of Paris ends the French and Indian War
  (1763) France gives up almost all its land
• Great Britain claimed all of the land east of the
  Mississippi River, including Florida which GB
  would acquire from Spain

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Changes for Native Americans

• Ottawa leader, Pontiac, fears loss of land
  captures British forts
• British use smallpox as a weapon Native
  Americans greatly weakened (Small Pox Blankets)
• Proclamation of 1763colonists cant settle west
  of Appalachians

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Great Britain and the Colonies grow apart

• British began to crack down on colonial smuggling
• Sugar Act- a revenue-raising Act passed by the
  Parliament of Great Britain

• The British Parliament believed that it was the
  duty of the colonist to pay back most of the war
  debt