PHOME

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PHOME PHOtonic MEtamaterials
FORTH, Crete, Greece Univ. of Karlsruhe,
Karlsruhe, Germany Bilkent University, Ankara,
Turkey Imperial College, London, England
Final Meeting Oct. 9, 2011 Barcelona, Spain
FET-Open project FP7-213390
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PHOME Final review meeting Hotel Barcelo Sants,
Barcelona, Spain October 9, 2011
1300 - 1330 Overview by coordinator,
Soukoulis 1330 - 1345 Discussion 1345 -
1415 Activities in WP1 (Modeling)
Kafesaki/Soukoulis 1415 - 1430 Discussion
1430 - 1445 Activities in WP1 (Theory)
Pendry/Aubry 1445 - 1530 Activities in WP2
WP3 (Fabrication Characterization) Wegener
1530 - 1545 Discussion 1545 -1600
Activities in WP2 WP3 (Fabrication
Characterization) Ozbay 1600 -1615
Discussion 1615 -1645 Internal discussion of
Commission with reviewers 1645 -1700 Feedback
from the Commission 1700 Dinner
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Participants of the PHOME project
Theory C. M. Soukoulis, E. N. Economou Maria
Kafesaki, Th. Koschny Raluka Penciu, Nia-Hai Shen
Experiment G. Deligiorgis, G. Kenakakis, G.
Konstandinidis, N. Katsarakis S. Tzortzakis
Martin Wegener S. Linden, M. S. Rill M. Decker,
M. Ruther C. E. Kriegler, M. Thiel
Ekmel Ozbay M. Gokkavas K. Aydin, Z. Li I. Bulu,
B. Alici H. Caglay
J. Pendry A. Aubry
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In the PHOME project we have three scientific
work packages and two extra ones. WP1 (FORTH)
deals with the modeling and theory of photonic
metamaterials (PMMs) WP2 (Bilkent)
deals with the fabrication of photonic
metamaterials (GHz to THz) WP3
(Karlsruhe) deals with optical characterization
and testing of PMMs WP4 (Imperial) deals with
the dissemination of the PMMs results WP5
(FORTH) deals with the project management
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List and schedule of milestones
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Tasks and Deliverables for WP1 (Theory and
Modeling) Tasks T1.1. Design of 3d connected
PMMs and the extraction of the effective
parameters. T1.2. Software and method
development to model 3d chiral metallic
nanostructures. T1.3. Self-consistent
calculations of incorporating gain and
non-linearity in PMMs. Reduction of
losses. T1.4. Blueprints
for thin-film isolators, for electro-optic
modulators and optical switching. Deliverables D
3D1.1 (M12) Blueprints for bulk connected PMM
and chiral structures. D5D1.2 (M12) Report on
self-consistent semi-classical theory of gain and
non-linearity in PMMs. D9D1.3 (M24)
Blueprints of ICT relevant demonstrators such as
thin-film optical isolators, electro-optic
modulators and optical switching. D11D1.4 (M36)
Assessment of the existence of IR and optical
PMMs.
WP1 Leader FORTH
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Tasks and Deliverables for WP2 (Fabrication of
PMMs) Tasks T2.1. Application of
chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) apparatus for
metal coating of 3d templates from the
inside. T2.2. Conversion of theoretical
blueprints from WP1 into 3d polymer structures
that can actually be made via direct
laser writing and CVD coating. Test of the
designs also in larger structures,
operating at GHz range. T2.3. Optimization of
successive electron-beam lithography,
electron-beam evaporation, and
planarization processes specifically for the
novel materials and substrates involved T2.4.
Realization of metamaterial structures allowing
for electrical contacts (for
electro-optic modulation).
WP2 Leader Bilkent
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Deliverables for WP2 (Fabrication of
PMMs) Deliverables D4D2.1 (M12) Fabrication of
first bulk metallic magnetic metamaterials
operating at optical frequencies made by direct
laser writing (DLW) and metal chemical-vapor
deposition (CVD) or metal electrochemistry (EC).
Fabrication of structures operating at GHz and
THz. D8D2.2 (M24) Assessment of luminescent/gain
materials incorporated into photonic
metamaterials, enabling a decision whether loss
compensation at optical frequencies is possible.
If yes, the metamaterials can be used as optical
modulators (ICT relevant), and even
demonstrators of perfect lenses come in
reach. D9D2.3 (M24) Blueprints of ICT relevant
demonstrators such as thin-film optical
isolators, electro-optic modulators and optical
switching. D10D2.4 (M24) Report on bulk chiral
metamaterials made via successive electron-beam
lithography. D11D2.5 (M36) Assessment of the
existence of IR and optical PMMs D12D2.6 (M36)
Report on the fabrication issues and optical
characterization of bulk metamaterials made by
DLW and CVD/EC
WP2 Leader Bilkent
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Tasks and Deliverables for WP3 (Optical
characterization and testing)
Tasks T3.1. Optical characterization of all
PMMs made in WP2. T3.2. Linear optical
characterization of all PMMs made in WP2 and
parameter retrieval. T3.3. Experiments on
frequency conversion from tailored structures
designed in WP1 and fabricated in
WP2. T3.4. Luminescence experiments on emitters
embedded in or in the vicinity of PMMs under
low (modified spontaneous emission) and
high (gain) optical pumping.
WP3 Leader Karlsruhe
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Deliverables for WP3 (Optical characterization
and testing)
Deliverables D6D3.1 (M12) Characterization of
the first bulk metallic magnetic metamaterials
operating at optical frequencies made by direct
laser writing (DLW) and metal chemical-vapor
deposition (CVD) or metal electrochemistry
(EC). D8D3.2 (M24) Assessment of
luminescent/gain materials incorporated into
PMMs, enabling a decision whether loss
compensation at optical frequencies is possible.
If yes, the metamaterials can be used as optical
modulators (ICT relevant), and even demonstrators
of perfect lenses come in reach. D9D3.3 (M24)
Blueprints of ICT relevant demonstrators such as
thin-film optical isolators, electro-optic
modulators and optical switching. D10D3.4 (M24)
Report on bulk chiral metamaterials and their
optical properties, especially regarding
potential use as an optical isolator as an ICT
relevant device. D11D3.5 (M36) Assessment of
the existence of IR and optical PMMs D12D3.6
(M36) Report on the fabrication issues and
optical characterization of bulk metamaterials
made by DLW and CVD/EC
WP3 Leader Karlsruhe
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Tasks and Deliverables for WP4 (Dissemination of
project results) Tasks T4.1 Connection of the
PHOMEs research with the world-wide state of the
art T4.2 Dissemination of PHOME results
(publications, conferences, and workshops) T4.3
Contribution to portfolio and concentration
activities at FET-Open level Deliverables D01D4
.1 (M06) Web-page creation D13D4.2 (M36) Final
plan for dissemination and use of
foreground D15D4.3 (M36) Report on awareness and
wider societal implications D16D4.4 (M36)
Photonic Metamaterials sessions at an
international conference (FORTH abstracts
and proceedings submitted to EU)
WP4 Leader Imperial
Tasks and Deliverables for WP5 (Consortium
Management)
WP5 Leader FORTH
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Overall Program Objectives

• Design and realization of 3d photonic
  metamaterials.
• Design and fabrication of chiral photonic
  metamaterials.
• Realization of active optical materials with
  incorporation of gain and nonlinearity into
  photonic metamaterials.
• Understanding and reducing the losses in photonic
  metamaterials.
• Achievement of electro-optic modulation via
  photonic metamaterials

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• WP1 Theory and Simulations
• Development of modeling tools for transmission
  calculations and of an inversion procedure.
• Development of the retrieval procedure for chiral
  metamaterials (MMs).
• Find new designs for planar and non-planar chiral
  MMs that give nlt0.
• Developed a 3d self-consistent method to treat
  active materials in dispersive media. Compensate
  losses with gain, if possible. Pump-probe
  simulations.
• Presented connected bulk negative index photonic
  MMs for direct laser writing.
• Able to mimic the quantum EIT in classical
  systems as coupled SRRs. Dispersive engineering,
  slow-light and low losses.
• Proposed chiral metamaterials to reduce the the
  attractive Casimir force and may be obtain
  repulsive Casimir force.
• Adopted conformal transformation, and proposed
  new plasmonic designs of capable of an efficient
  harvesting of light broadband.

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• WP2 WP3 Fabrication and Measurements
• First realization of 3d gold-helix photonic MM
  via DLW into a positive-tone photoresist and
  subsequent infilling with gold via
  electroplating.
• For the first time, we fabricate non-planar
  chiral MMs and demonstrate that give nlt0 and
  strongly optical activity.
• Fabrication of pairs of twisted gold crosses at
  1.5 ?m and 4 Us at 3 ?m with strong optical
  activity.
• Dynamic response of MMs in the THz regime Blue
  shift tunability and broadband phase modulation.
• Pump-probe experiments on arrays of silver SRRs
  coupled with quantum wells
• First demonstration of 3D invisibility cloak at
  optical wavelengths made via 3D DLW.
• MMs based enhanced transmission through
  sub-wavelength apertures.
• Broadband perfect absorbers polarization
  independent.

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• WP4 Dissemination(Third year)
• 59 publications (published).
• 1 Science 1 Nat. Phot. 9 Opt. Express 6
  Apl. Phys. Lett. 2 ACS Nano
• 3 Phys. Rev. Lett. 6 Phys. Rev. B 7
  Opt. Letters 3 Nano Lett.
• 60 invited conferences.
• 22 seminars at Universities and Institutions.
• Participation in the organization of conferences
  or sessions devoted in photonic metamaterials.
• SPIE 2010, San Diego, USA, August 2010 SPIE
  2011, San Diego, USA, August 2011
• Metamaterials Congress, Karlsruhe, Germany,
  September 2010
• PECS-IX, Granada, Spain, September 2010
• 2nd Medi-Nano Interational Conference,
  Belgrade, Serbia, October 2010
• 3rd Internat. Workshop on Theoretical and
  Computational Nanophotonics, Bad Honnef, Dec.
  2010
• 3rd NanoMeta-2011 International Meeting,
  Seefeld, Austria, January 2011
• SPIE Photonics Europe 2011,Metamaterials,
  Prague, Czech Republic, April 2011
• ICMAT 2011, Singapore, June 2011

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Progress Highlights for PHOME

• Review articles on 3D Photonic Metamaterials.
• (Nat. Phot. 5, 523 (2011) Science 330, 1633
  (2010))
• Demonstration of 3D invisibility cloak at
  optical wavelengths with DLW.
• (Opt. Lett. 36, 1533 (2011) Opt. Lett. 36,
  2059 (2011) Opt. Exp. 18, 24361 (2011))
• Pump-probe experiments on arrays of silver SRRs
  coupled with quantum wells .
• (Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 111104 (2011) Opt. Exp.
  18, 24140 (2010))
• Self-consistent calculations of metamaterials
  with gain.
• (Phys. Rev. B. 82, 121102(R) (2010) Opt. Exp.
  19, 12688 (2011))
• Fabrication of chiral MMs with strong optical
  activity.
• (Opt. Lett. 35, 1593 (2010) APL 97, 081901
  (2010) APL 98, 161907 (2011) Opt. Exp. 19,
  14290(2011) )
• Retarded long-rangeinteraction in SRRs square
  arrays.
• (Phys. Rev. B. 84, 085416 (2011))
• Dispersive engineering EIT, Slow-light
  structures and low losses.
• (Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 043901 (2011) Appl.
  Phys. Lett, 97, 241904 (2010))
• Dynamic Response of Metamaterials in the THz
  regime Tunability Switching.
• (Phys. Rev. Lett, 106, 037403 (2011))
• Broadband perfect absorbers polarization
  independent.
• (Opt. Exp. 19, 14260 (2011) J. of Appl. Phys.
  108, 083113 (2010))
• Transformation Optics Interaction btween
  plasmonic nanoparticles.

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PHOME Final review meeting Hotel Barcelo Sants,
Barcelona, Spain October 9, 2011
1300 - 1330 Overview by coordinator,
Soukoulis 1330 - 1345 Discussion 1345 -
1415 Activities in WP1 (Modeling)
Kafesaki/Soukoulis 1415 - 1430 Discussion
1430 - 1445 Activities in WP1 (Theory)
Pendry/Aubry 1445 - 1530 Activities in WP2
WP3 (Fabrication Characterization) Wegener
1530 - 1545 Discussion 1545 -1600
Activities in WP2 WP3 (Fabrication
Characterization) Ozbay 1600 -1615
Discussion 1615 -1645 Internal discussion of
Commission with reviewers 1645 -1700 Feedback
from the Commission 1700 Dinner