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Title: rasooli@comp.iust.ac.ir,rasooli.ms.@gmail.com


1
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????? ???????
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  • rasooli_at_comp.iust.ac.ir,rasooli.ms._at_gmail.com

2
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3
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  • ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????.
  • ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????/?????? ???? ???.

4
????? ????? ??????? ?? ????
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????? ???????
?? ????..
???? ??...
5
?????? ????? ????? ???????
  • ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????
    ???.
  • ????? ?????? (Machine Translation)
  • ????? ???? (Syntactic Analysis)
  • ????? ???? (Language Generation)
  • ...

6
????? ????? ??????? ?? ????
  • ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????
  • I asked him a question.

????
?? ???
??????
???? ??
?? ?? ????? ?? ??????.
7
????? ?? ????? ???????
  • ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????
    ????? ???? (Tesnière, 1953).
  • ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????
    ??????? ??????.
  • ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???.
  • ????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?
    ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???.
  • ????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???
    (?????????? 1385)

8
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9
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  • ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??
    ???? ???.
  • ????
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  • ???? ?????? lt???(???)???(???)??????????
    ?????? ??????gt
  • ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????
  • ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????

10
????? ????? ???
  • ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???.
  • ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????
    ?? ???.
  • ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??
    ????????? ???.
  • ??????? ????? ??? ? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????
    ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???.

11
????? ??????? ????
  • ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????
    ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? (Smith,
    2011).
  • ?????? ??????? ???????
  • ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??
  • ??????? ??????

12
?????
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13
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  • ????? ??? ???? ? ??????? ????????? ????? ???
    ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????
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  • ?????????

?????????
??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????
????? ??.
14
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  • ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????? (???????) ? ??
    ???? ???? (?????) ????? ??????.
  • ???? ???? ???? ??????? ? ??? ????? ???.
  • ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????????????????? ?????
    ????? ??? (Karimi-Doostan, 2011).
  • ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???
    ???? ???.
  • ????????? ?????
  • ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???????
  • ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????

15
??? ????? ??? ????
  • ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????????
    ?????.
  • ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (PMI)
  • ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????
    ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??
    ??????? ????? ????? (Lin, 1999).

??? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????
????? ???.
16
????????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????
  • ????????? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? (??????????
    1385).
  • ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????.

???? ??????
??????
?? ??? ????? (???? ?? ??? ????? ????) ?????? ???
???????? ?????? ? ????????? ????.
17
??????? ??????? ?????
  • ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????
  • ????????? ??? ????? (Krohonen, 2002)
  • ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??
  • ??? ?????? ?????????? (Krohonen, 2002)
  • ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????
  • ???????? ????????-??????????? (EM) (Carrol and
    Rooth, 1998)
  • ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????.

18
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  • ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????
  • ????????? ?????
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19
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  • ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????
  • ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????
  • ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????

20
??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????
  • ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ?????
    ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???.
  • ?? ??? ???????? ???????
  • ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????? (Bootstrapping)
  • ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? (K-Means)

21
????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????????
?? ????? ?? PMI?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????
?????? ????????? ?? PMIgtthreshold
?????????? ??????
????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????
?????????? ????? ? ??????? ????????? ??? ????
?????? PMI
22
????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????????
  • ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???
    ???-??? (?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????) ???????
    ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????????
    ??????
  • ????
  • ??? (???? ???? ??? ???)
  • ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ? ?????? ????.
  • ???? ?????????? ???
  • ?????? ????????? 1
  • ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????
    ??? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???
    ???? ?????.

23
????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????
  • ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???
    ???
  • ??????? ?????? ??????? (PMI)
  • ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ?????
  • ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ?????
  • ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ? ?? ???
    ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???.
  • ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????
    ?????? ??? ???.
  • ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? 2 ???? (???? ?
    ???????) ?? ??? ??????.

24
?????? ??????? ??? ????
  • ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????
    ???????? ???? ???.
  • ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????
    ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? 5
    ??????? ??? ???.
  • ??? ? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????
    ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???
    ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???.

25
????? ??????? ??? ????
??? ??? ???????? ???? F
??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? t 45/16 29/06 35/36
??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? 47/36 32/09 38/26
????????????? 90/17 90/68 78/11
??????? 1 (?? ?? ?????) 60/81 16/62 70/57
??????? 2 (????? 1? 3) 51/82 50/50 62/31
??????? 3 (????? 1? 2) 52/79 70/66 72/17
Rasooli, M., H. Faili, and B. Minaei-Bidgoli,
Unsupervised Identification of Persian Compound
Verbs. Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 2011
p. 394-406.
26
???? ?????? ?????
  • ?? ??? 6 ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????
    ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ? ?? ????
    ?????? ???? ??? ???.
  • http//dadegan.ir
  • ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? 4282 ??? ? 5429 ??? ????
    ?????? ? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???.
  • ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???.
  • ????? ???? ?? ????? 1390 ???? 2.2.2

Rasooli, M.S., Moloodi, A., Kouhestani, M. and
Minaei-Bidgoli, B., A Syntactic Valency Lexicon
for Persian Verbs The First Steps towards
Persian Dependency Treebank, in 5th Language
Technology Conference (LTC) Human Language
Technologies as a Challenge for Computer Science
and Linguistics. 2011 Poznan, Poland. p. 227-231.
27
??????? ??????? ????? ???
  • ??????? ???? ?????
  • ????? ??? ?????????
  • ???????? ????????-??????????? (EM)

28
??????? ????? ????? ?????????
  • ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????? ????? ????
    ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? (Krohonen, 2002).
  • m ??????? ????? ??? ? p ?? ????? ????????? ???
    ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????.
  • n ??????? ???

29
??????? ????? ???????? ????????-???????????
  • ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????
    ??????
  • ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????
    ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????
  • ?? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????
    ????????? ??????????? ??????.
  • ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????????
  • ???????? ??????

30
???? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ????????
????
?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????
???????? ?????? ???????.
??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????
???? ????
F1??? ?????
???????? ??????? ????
F2??? ?????
F3??? ?????
F4??? ?????? ?????
F5??? ?????? ?????
31
???????? ????????-??????????? (Smith, 2011)
32
?????? ??????
  • ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????
    ????? ???.
  • ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????
    ?????? ????????? ???? ???????.
  • ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
    ????? ??????? ??? ???.
  • ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???.

33
????? ??????
??? ???????? ???? F
????? ??? ????????? 13/02 82/24 22/47
????????-??????????? 61/11 38/93 47/56
???????? ?????? 60/87 38/18 46/97
34
????? ?????
  • ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????
    ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???.
  • ??? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????
    ?? ????? ??? ??????? ? ????????? ????.
  • ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????
    ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????.

35
?????
  • ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????
  • ????????? ?????
  • ????? ???
  • ????? ??? ????
  • ????? ????????? ?? ?????
  • ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????????
  • ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????
  • ???? ?????? ?????
  • ??????? ??????? ????? ???
  • ?????????
  • ????? ????

36
?????????
  • ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ? ??? ?? ???? ?????
  • ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????
    ??????? (Zeman, 2002)
  • ????????? ?????? ???
  • ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????
    (Levin, 1993) ???? ????? ???.
  • ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????????
    ????????
  • ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????
    ??????? (Ehsan and Faili, 2012)

37
????? ????
  • Bijankhan, M., The role of the corpus in writing
    a grammar An introduction to a software. Iranian
    Journal of Linguistics, 2004. 19(2).
  • Carroll, G. and M. Rooth, Valence Induction with
    a Head-Lexicalized PCFG, in Workshop of Empirical
    Methods in NLP. 1998 Granada
  • Ehsan, N. and H. Faili, Grammatical and
    context-sensitive error correction using a
    statistical machine translation framework.
    Software Practice and Experience, 2012.
  • Karimi Doostan, G., Separability of light verb
    constructions in Persian. Studia Linguistica,
    2011. 65(1) p. 70-95.
  • Korhonen, A., Subcategorization acquisition.
    2002, Ph. D. thesis, University of Cambridge.
  • Lin, D., Automatic identification of
    non-compositional phrases, in 37th annual meeting
    of Association for Computational Linguistics.
    1999, Association for Computational Linguistics
    College Park, MA. p. 317-324.

38
????? ????
  • Pecina, P., Lexical association measures and
    collocation extraction. Language Resources and
    Evaluation, 2010. 44(1) p. 137-158.
  • Smith, N.A., Linguistic Structure Prediction.
    Synthesis Lectures on Human Language
    Technologies, 2011. 4(2) p. 1-274.
  • Tesnière, L., Esquisse d'une Syntaxe structurale.
    1953, Paris Klincksieck.
  • Zeman, D., Can subcategorization help a
    statistical dependency parser?, in COLING '02.
    2002, Association for Computational Linguistics.
    p. 1-7.
  • ?????????? ?.? ????? ??? ? ???????? ??????? ????
    ?? ????? ?????. 1385 ??? ????.

39
?? ???? ?? ???? ???
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