English Language Conventions /Grammar Intensive

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English Language Conventions /Grammar Intensive
Punctuation Ending Punctuation Period Question mark Exclamation mark Comma Semi-colon Colon Quotation marks apostrophe Parentheses Dash Brackets Ellipses Capitalization rules Parts of Speech Noun Proper noun Common noun Collective noun Abstract noun Subject pronoun Possessive noun Pronouns Reflexive pronoun Possessive pronoun Object pronoun Preposition (yes-ALL 50 of them!) Conjunction (CC, CA) subordinating conjunction Verb Conjugate (conjugate at least to be and one other verb) Subject-Verb Agreement Tense-past/present /future/ Adjective Adverb Sentence construction syntax Fragment/Run-on Complex sentence Compound sentence Simple sentence Complex compound sentence Clause Subordinate/dependent clause Independent/main clause Phrase Infinitive phrase Prepositional phrase Gerund phrase Participial Passive voice/active voice parallelism
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9WC1.0 WRITTEN AND ORAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE
CONVENTIONS Students write and speak with a
command of standard English conventions.

• 9WC1.1 Grammar and Mechanics of Writing Identify
  and correctly use clauses (e.g., main and
  subordinate), phrases (e.g., gerund, infinitive,
  and participial), and mechanics of punctuation
  (e.g., semicolons, colons, ellipses, hyphens).
• 9WC1.2 Grammar and Mechanics of Writing
  Understand sentence construction (e.g., parallel
  structure, subordination, proper placement of
  modifiers) and proper English usage (e.g.,
  consistency of verb tenses).
• 9WC1.3 Grammar and Mechanics of Writing
  Demonstrate an understanding of proper English
  usage and control of grammar, paragraph and
  sentence structure, diction, and syntax.
• 9WC1.4 Manuscript Form Produce legible work that
  shows accurate spelling and correct use of the
  conventions of punctuation and capitalization.
• 9WC1.5 Manuscript Form Reflect appropriate
  manuscript requirements, including 1) title page
  presentation 2) pagination 3) spacing and
  margins.

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Rationale

• By practicing writing conventions at a level
  higher than required by testing you will have a
  command useful in actual situations calling for
  written communication and be well-equipped to
  deal with testing pressures at a Proficient to
  Advanced level.
• We are starting with these question types because
  they do not require significant reading either
  you know the way a sentence should be structured
  according to the rules (and can therefore prove
  to yourself the right answer), or you know enough
  to make an gut-guess or you get them wrong.

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Testing Prior Knowledge and Educated Guessing
B

• Can you match each term with its definition?
• These are the most basic terms you must know the
  definitions of and be able to logically identify
  to be successful at correcting and writing
  correct sentences.

A preposition
B subject
C verb
D Subject pronoun
A word like aboard, about, above, across, after,
against, along, as, at, before, behind, below,
by, concerning, from that tell the relationship
of one noun or pronoun to another noun or pronoun
The action being done by the subject of the
sentence.
Subject pronouns can be the subject of a
sentence. 1st person I / we 2nd person
you/you (all) 3rd person he, she, it/they
The noun or pronoun that is doing the action of
the sentence.
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Testing Prior Knowledge and Educated Guessing

• Can you match each term with its definition?
• These are the most basic terms you must know the
  definitions of and be able to logically identify
  to be successful at correcting and writing
  correct sentences.

run-on
phrases
clauses
fragments
A group of words that contain a subject and verb.
Some are main or independent and can stand alone.
Some are dependent or subordinate and need more
information.
An incomplete sentence that is incorrect because
it is missing its subject or verb.
A group of words that act as a unit to describe
or add detail to a sentence they do not contain
a subject-verb combination.
A sentence that is incorrect because it uses too
many phrases or clauses, but does not connect
them correctly.
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Testing Prior Knowledge and Educated Guessing

• Can you match each term with its definition?
• These are the most basic terms you must know the
  definitions of and be able to logically identify
  to be successful at correcting and writing
  correct sentences.

Compound Sentence
Simple Sentences
Complex Sentence
A sentence that uses phrases or subordinate
clauses to extend an add detail to the sentence
a sentence with multiple smaller parts.
A sentence with a subject and verb, but no
additional phrases or clauses.
A sentence that combines two simple sentences or
independent clauses by correctly using a
conjunction to join them.
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Attack this passage Add and Identify
Since Tuesday is Valentines Day, or as men like
to call it Extortion Day, according to comedian
Jay Leno, across the United States and in other
places around the world, loved ones will exchange
a slew of sundry tokens of affection namely
candy, flowers, and gifts all in the name of St.
Valentine.
Identify Subordinating conjunction (1)
Identify Subordinate clause (1)
Add Quotations Brackets Apostrophes Ellipses Excla
mation Colon Commas Periods Capitalization
Identify Prepositions (Im not giving you the
?)
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Attack this passage Add and Identify
the legend of st valentine the history of
valentines day and the story of its patron saint
is somewhat shrouded in mystery we do know that
february has long been celebrated as a month of
romance and that st valentines day february 14th
as we know it today contains vestiges of both
christian and ancient roman tradition.
Identify Abstract noun (3)
Identify Main clause
Add Apostrophes Colon Commas Periods Capitalizati
on Parenthesis
Identify Proper nouns
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Attack this passage Add, Correct, and Identify
but who was saint valentine and how did he become
associated with this ancient rite the catholic
church recognize at least three different saints
named valentine or valentinus all of who are
martyred.
Correct Verb tense Verb consistency
Add Colon Commas Ending Punctuation Capitalizat
ion
Identify The verbs (4)
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Attack this passage Eliminate and Rearrange
Perhaps during the third century in Rome one
legend contends that there was Valentine a priest
who served.
Eliminate all passive was
Rearrange The modifiers and prepositional phrases
Identify Prepositional phrases (3)
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Attack this passage Add, Identify, Correct
When Emperor Claudius II decide that single man
made best soldiers than those with wives and
families he outlawed marriage for young men
however Valentine realizing the injustice of the
decree defied Claudius and continues to perform
marriages for young lovers in secret.
Identify Subordinating clause (1)
Identify Conjunctive adverb (1)
Add Semi-colon Commas Periods Capitalization
Correct Verb tense modifiers
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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Which of the following is the correct way to
  punctuate the sentence from the passage?
• A They recognize one another by sight
  smell, and voice.
• B They recognize one another by sight, smell,
  and, voice.
• C They recognize one another by, sight, smell,
  and voice.
• D They recognize one another by sight, smell, and
  voice.

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence from paragraph 1 of the
  report.
• What is the correct way to rewrite the underlined
  part of the sentence to maintain consistent verb
  tense?
• When Josephine was ten years old, her mother was
  moving the family west to Los Angeles,
  California.
• A had moved
• B moved
• C is moving
• D is moving will move

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence from paragraph 7 of the
  report.
• To satisfy the demands of this new generation of
  listeners, radio technology was improved by radio
  manufacturers.
• Which is the best way to rewrite the selected
  part of the sentence using the active voice?
• radio manufacturers improved radio technology
• improvements to radio technology were made by
  radio manufacturers
• improvements by radio manufacturers were being
  made to radio technology
• radio technology had been improved by radio
  manufacturers

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read the sentence from paragraph two.
• Listeners used a primitive set of headphones,
  which were attached to the box with thin wire
  called cat whisker, to hear talk and music.
• What is the correct way to punctuate the selected
  part of the sentence?
• headphones which were attached, to the box with
  thin wire, called cat whisker
• headphones which were attached to the box, with
  thin wire, called cat whisker
• headphones which were attached to the box, with
  thin wire called, cat whisker
• Leave as is.

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence from paragraph 2 of the
  report.
• What is the correct way to rewrite this sentence
  using parallel structure?
• By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he
  had already worked as a printers apprentice, he
  had worked as a compositor, and a teacher.
• By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he
  had already worked as a printers apprentice, a
  compositor, and a teacher.
• By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he
  had already worked as a printers apprentice, and
  a compositor, and also worked as a teacher.
• By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he
  had already worked as a printers apprentice, as
  a compositor, and had worked as a teacher.

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence from paragraph 1 of the
  report.
• Outside of the classroom, most of Whitmans
  education was received.
• What is the correct way to rewrite the sentence
  using the active voice?
• Most of his education outside of the classroom
  was received by Whitman.
• Whitman received most of his education outside of
  the classroom.
• By Whitman, most of his education outside the
  classroom was received.
• Leave as is.

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence.
• Mexico, however, should also be mentioned in the
  same breath, thanks to the following artists
  Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David
  Alfaro Siqueiros.
• What is the correct punctuation of the selected
  part of the sentence?
• artists Diego Rivera
• artists Diego Rivera
• artistsDiego Rivera
• artists, Diego Rivera
•  

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On the CST SAT SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence.
•  
• He went to the University of California and then
  to Harvard after he got well, where he earned a
  masters degree.
•  
• What is the best way to rewrite the sentence to
  improve the placement of modifiers?
• After he got well, he went to the University of
  California and then to Harvard, where he earned a
  masters degree.
• He went to the University of California and then
  to Harvard, where he earned a masters degree
  after he got well.
• He went after he got well to the University of
  California and then to Harvard, where he earned a
  masters degree.
• To the University of California he went and then
  to Harvard, where he earned, after he got well, a
  masters degree

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On the CST SAT, the questions look like

• Read this sentence.
• If Howard had not believed in himself and his
  playif he had not persevered until failure
  became successhe might of given up and pursued a
  different career.
•  
• What is the correct way to revise the selected
  words in this sentence?
• he might of give up and pursue a different
  career.
• he might of given up, pursued, a different
  career.
• he might have given up and pursued a different
  career.
• he might give up and pursue a different career.

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On the CST SAT, the questions look like

• What is the correct way to combine sentences 14
  and 15?
• (14) Success was instantaneous. (15) This theater
  was a favorite of audiences and actors alike.
•  
• Success was instantaneous the theater was a
  favorite of audiences and actors alike.
• Success was instantaneous, and the theater was a
  favorite of audiences and actors alike.
• The theater was a favorite of audiences and
  actors alike because success was instantaneous.
• The theater was a favorite of audiences and
  actors alike, success was instantaneous.

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On the CST SAT, the questions look like

• Which of the following would improve the
  structure of sentence 15?
• Infrasounds which animals make are sounds which
  causes a vibration in the air which is an
  inaudible sound.
• Infrasounds, inaudible to humans, are vibrations
  in the air caused by animals.
• Infrasounds are sounds we cant hear that animals
  make that cause a vibration in the air.
• Infrasounds are sounds humans cant hear that
  animals make that make a vibration in the air.

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On the CST SAT, the questions look like

• Which of the following is the correct way to
  punctuate sentence 8?
• They recognize one another by sight smell, and
  voice.
• They recognize one another by sight, smell, and,
  voice.
• they recognize one another by, sight, smell, and
  voice.
• They recognize one another by sight, smell, and
  voice.

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