Valence%20Bond%20Description%20of%20Bonding

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Valence Bond Descriptionof Bonding
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Atomic Orbitals and Bonding
s
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py
pz
Pauling Atomic Orbitals lack the symmetry
necessary for good overlap in bonding
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Orbital Hybridization
f1 f2 f3 f4
Orbitals are mathematical descriptions
(equations) of an electron in terms of quantum
numbers (n, m, l, and s). As equations, orbitals
can be added or subtracted. Linear Combination
of Orbitals
(atomic orbitals)
F1 F2 F3 F4
(hybrid orbitals)
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Hybrid Orbitalssp3
sp3 hybridization
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sp3 hybrid orbitals
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sp2 hybrid orbitals
sp2 hybridization
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sp2 hybrid orbitals
Side View
Top View
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Bonding Orbitals of sp2 Hybridized Atoms
Side View
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sp hybrid orbitals
sp hybridization
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sp hybrid orbitals
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Bonding Orbitals of sp Hybridized Atoms
Side View
Top View
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VSEPR Theory Hybridization
Groups BP LP Geometry Hybridization
2 2 BP Linear, 180º sp
3 3 BP Trigonal, 120º sp2
3 2 BP 1 LP Bent, 120º sp2
4 4 BP Tetrahedral, 109.5º sp3
4 3 BP 1 LP Trigonal Pyramidal, 109.5º sp3
4 2 BP 2 LP Bent, 109.5º sp3
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Bonding in Methane
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Bonding in Ethane
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Bonding in Ethene (Ethylene)
Side View
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Bonding in Ethyne (Acetylene)
Side View
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Bonding in Propyne