USE%20OF%20EMBALMING%20CHEMICALS

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CHAPTER 7

• USE OF EMBALMING CHEMICALS

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DILUTIONS

• The application of the chemicals is influenced
  by
• the results the embalmer hopes to produce
• variations between chemical makers (remember a 36
  index Dodge is not the same as a 36 index Royal
  Bond)
• how the chemicals react with the tissue

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Work Practice Controls When Using Chemicals

• Wear gloves
• Flush chemicals that come in contact with the
  skin with cold running water
• Wear eye protection (eye glasses dont count-
  however when wearing eye glasses if you put
  goggles over them they cloud over.)
• Wear protective clothing

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Work Practice Controls When Using Chemicals

• Use a good ventilation system and wear a mask if
  necessary.
• Use cool water to dilute any spills and clean
  them up immediately.
• Do NOT use formaldehyde chemicals as an
  antiseptic.
• Keep a MSDS sheet on each chemical.

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Work Practice Controls When Using Chemicals

• Rinse all bottles 3 times before throwing them in
  the trash.
• Keep the machine tanks covered at all times as
  well as the fluid bottles covered. This will
  help reduce fumes.
• Dont let formaldehyde and bleach come in
  contact.
• Pour the fluids into a tank of water to reduce
  fumes.

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Preservative Vascular Fluids

• Index
• Color
• Firming speed
• Degree of firmness
• Moisturizing qualities
• Special-purpose arterial fluids

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Index

• Strong HCHO index in the range of 28 to 36.
• Medium HCHO index in the range of 19 to 27.
• Weak HCHO index in the range of 10 to 18.

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Color

• Noncosmetic fluids that have no active dye and
  dont color the tissues.
• Cosmetic fluids that contain active dyes that
  color the tissue.

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Firming Speed

• Fast-acting fluid buffered to firm the tissues
  rapidly.
• Slow-firming fluids buffered to firm body tissue
  slowly.

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Degree of Firmness

• The degree of firmness depends on the buffers and
  chemicals contained in a fluid. The degrees of
  firmness are
• soft
• mild
• hard

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Moisturizing Qualities

• Humectants- some fluids have large amounts of
  chemicals that add and retain tissue moisture.
  You would use a humectant on an emaciated case.
• Nonhumectants- fluids that dont retain tissue
  moisture. You would use a nonhumectant on a
  case with edema.

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Special-purpose arterial fluids

• Jaundice fluids
• High-index fluids- they can be dehydrating and
  non-dehydrating.
• Tissue gas fluids
• Fluids for infants and children

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Supplemental Fluids

• Fluids that aid in the function of preservative
  fluids

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Pre-injection Fluids

• They are injected before the preservative
  arterial solution with the purpose of aiding in
  blood removal and preparing the tissues for the
  arterial solution.

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Co-Injection Fluids

• They are added to the preservative vascular
  solutions to help increase the penetrating and
  distributing qualities of the vascular fluid and
  to help modify and control the reaction of the
  preservatives.

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Internal Bleach and Stain Removers

• They are designed to help bleach blood
  discolorations.
• Sometimes these fluids can do more harm than
  good. Be very careful when using them. Always
  have a trained technician close by until you are
  comfortable with them.

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Tissue Gas Co-Injection Fluids

• They are germicidal in nature and act on the
  microbes that form the tissue gas.

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Edema-Corrective Co-injection Fluids

• They enhance the dehydrating effect of the
  arterial fluids and help dry the edematous
  tissues.

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Germicide Boosters

• They are used for cases with infectious and
  contagious disease in order to increase the
  germicidal effects of the arterial fluid.

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Humectants

• They help prevent dehydration and maintain tissue
  moisture.

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Water (Conditioning)-Corrective Fluids

• These are used to help make hard water soft so
  the arterial fluid can be more effective.

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Dyes

• Active dyes are added to bring color to the
  tissue. Be careful with active dye. Some fluid
  companies make very strong dyes and you only need
  a drop or two, other companies you need several
  ounces. If youre not familiar with the chemical
  company make sure you ask someone how much to use.

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Arterial Fluid Dilution

• Index is the amount of formaldehyde measured in
  grams dissolved in 100 milliliters of water.
• The primary dilution is the dilution of arterial
  fluids prepared by the embalmer.
• The strength of the primary dilution is found by
  using an index factor.

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Primary Formula
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Primary Formula
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Formula

• C X V C X V
• plug in the numbers and get
• 25 X x 2. X 128
• 25x 256
• x 256/25
• x 10.2 ounces

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What does that Mean?

• It means- we need to use 10.2 ounces of a 25
  index arterial fluid per 1 gallon (128 oz) of
  water in order to embalm the body with a 2
  solution.
• A 1.5 to 2 solution is considered the industry
  standard for properly embalming and disinfecting
  a body.

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Arterial Fluid Temperature

• The majority of fluids you will be using are used
  at room temperature.

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Density/Specific Gravity

• Density- relates to the concentration of the
  solute in the solution.
• Specific Gravity- is the ratio of the weight of a
  given volume with the equal weight of water.
• Hypotonic- a solution contains less of a
  dissolved substance than is found in the blood.

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Density/Specific Gravity

• Hypertonic- a greater quantity of a dissolved
  substance than is found in the blood.
• The best embalming results come from a hypotonic
  solution.
• If too much solution is used it is hypertonic and
  can cause dehyrdation.

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Quantity

• What are some factors to consider when
  determining the strength and amount of fluid to
  infect?

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Chapter 6

• The rest of this chapter is in my opinion a
  re-write of chapter 6. For review know when the
  various types of chemicals are used.