Paper Writing

1
Paper Writing..

• Write 1 ½ - 2 pages on

• 1st and 3rd
• Understanding Iraq book on Ch.3, British Iraq,
  on the strengths and weaknesses of the mandate
  system along with British motivation for
  intervention in Iraq.

• 4th
• WWI and the Treaty of Versailles are long term
  causes of WWII (due to the/because)

• Use historical facts and detail to justify your
  opinions and argument.

2
Paper Peer Review
-Give helpful constructive feedback -Dont write
on their papers (use sticky notes I pass
out) -When finished reviewing one paper, exchange
with another classmate and get a new sticky note
from Mrs. Varghese (more feedback for the writer)
!

• Strengths ()

• Things to work on (-)

3
World between the Wars
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Uneasy Peace, Uncertain Security

• League of Nations weak
• French strictly enforced Treaty of Versailles
• Crazy inflation in Germany (1914 4.2 marks1
  dollar, 1923 4.4 trillion marks1 dollar)
• Dawes Plan reduce reparations, matched Germanys
  yearly payments with ability to pay, loan to
  Germany
• Kellog-Briand Pact 1928, pledge to not go to
  war, made war illegal

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Dawes Plan and Kellogg Briand Pact
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Great Depression

• Causes
• 1) overproduction of food/cotton/etc. led to
  falling prices
• 2) international financial crisis from crash of
  US stock market 1929 (credit)
• 1932 worst year
• GB 25 unemployment, Germany 40
• states lowered wages/raised tariffs to protect
  industry
• renewed interest in Communism
• people turned to leaders with simple solutions

7
Democratic States

• Germany
• Weimar Republic faced HUGE economic problems with
  no strong political leadership
• France
• political instability
• Great Britain
• economist John Maynard Keynes argued govts
  should put people to work so they have money to
  buy things, this would help end depression
• USA
• Franklin Delano Roosevelt elected in 1932
• New Deal policy of active govt intervention in
  economy (Works Progress Administration, Social
  Security, etc.)

8
Weimar Germany
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• Using Ch. 27, Sec. 4 on the Dictators in Europe
• Create profiles on Mussolini in Italy, Stalin in
  the USSR, and Hitler in Germany. You are
  profiling them as if you worked for the FBI.
  Make bullet-pointed lists with written
  explanation.
• EXAMPLE
• Profile Adolf Hitler
• -Who was he?
• -What were his policies?
• -How did he treat the people?
• -How did the people respond?

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The Rise of Dictators
Hitler's Imperial March
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• Crash Course World History

12
Terms

• Authoritarian state - complete obedience to
  authority as opposed to individual freedom
• Dictatorship one person holds all the power
• Totalitarian state govt controls political,
  social, economic, intellectual, cultural lives of
  citizens
• (Below are the actual political parties that are
  part of the above.)
• Fascism political ideology where state
  glorified above individual, led by dictator
• Nazism political ideology of extreme German
  nationalism, strong anti-Semitism, anticommunism,
  and social Darwinian theory of social struggle

13
Japan

• REMEMBER response to Imperialism, Russo-Japanese
  War, from Unit 6.
• 1920s- economic and political crises
• Struggle between civilians and military to
  control govt
• 1930s- military take over
• emphasized nationalism
• absolute loyalty to emperor
• Manchurian/Mukden Incident
• 1931 Japan used attack on railway as excuse to
  take over Manchuria (NW China and Korea)
• Japanese wanted resources
• Became more aggressive towards West
• Closer w/ Nazi Germany
• signed Anti-Comintern Pact w/ Germany 1936
  agreeing to stop spread of Communism

14
Tojo Hideki
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Italy and Mussolini

• Benito Mussolini Il Ducethe leader
• 1919-
• created political group called Fascio di
  Combattimento (fascism)
• 1920-1921-
• Formed Blackshirts to attack communists
• 1922-
• Demanded more land for Italy used nationalism
• Forced king to make him Prime Minister
• 1926-
• Mussolini closed down all free press
• Made laws by decree
• Mussolini recognized independence of Vatican in
  exchange for backing of pope

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Mussolini Il Duce
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The Soviet Union and Stalin

• 1922-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
  formally created
• power struggle with Trotsky, Stalin took over,
  kept Lenins policies
• By 1929 Stalin eliminated original Bolsheviks
  from Politburo (policy making body of communist
  Party)
• 5 Year Plans transform USSR into industrial
  country in 5 year increments
• Collectivization private farms eliminated,
  peasants worked land owned by govt
• Costs of Stalins programs
• 1) peasants hated collectivization, hoarded food,
  bad crop years led to starvation of over 10
  million people in 1932-33
• 2) continual purging of govt leaders
  (bureaucratic, military, intellectual) from
  Stalins paranoia killed or sent to Siberia to
  forced labor/work camps (Gulag) by 1936 38.8
  million arrested

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Josef Stalin
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Spain and Franco

• Spanish-American War- 1898
• Loss of territory
• Spanish Civil War 1936-39-
• fascist Franco led rebelliongtoverthrow democratic
  govt
• Hitler and Mussolini helped Franco-
• Hitler saw it as a test war
• Pablo Picasso painted Guernica to show horrors of
  the civil war
• Franco won, set up authoritarian govt

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Franco
21
Picassos Guernica
Read p. R74 in the text and answer the questions
dealing with Picasso, the Spanish Civil War, and
the Nazi destruction of Guernica.
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Germany and Hitler

• Nicknamed der Führer
• which means the leader, National Socialist German
  Workers Party (Nazis)
• Militia called Brownshirts
• Hitler thrown in jail, wrote his ideas in a book
  Mein Kampf (my struggle)
• Promised to create new Germany by
• 1) giving to private companies to hire workers
• 2) rearmament rebuild German army, navy, air
  force
• 3) create pure German race
• 4) blamed Jewish population for loss of WWI and
  Treaty of Versailles
• Appointed chancellor 1933-
• gained absolute power by act of Reichstag
  (legislative body)
• Purged govt of Jews, created concentration camps
  large prison/work/death camps

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Hitler
Parade Hitler
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Nazi Germany 1933-1939

• Aryan goal (pure German, blond hair, blue eyes,
  tall, strong)
• create Third Reich (third empire)
• SS secret police, ran concentration camps, had
  2 principles terror and ideology
• Joseph Goebbels amazing propaganda minister
• used all means to convince people of Nazi
  ideology movies, newspapers, posters, slogans,
  loudspeakers in parks, mass rallies, etc.
  believed if you say something often enough,
  people will believe it
• Anti-Semitism Nuremburg laws passed 1935
• Jews not allowed to be German citizens
• Jews not allowed to marry German citizens
• Jews had to wear yellow star of David, carry ID
  cards
• Kristallnacht November 9, 1938 night of
  shattered glass Nazis destroyed Jewish
  businesses and homes
• sent many Jews to concentration camps
• those who remained forced to clean up destruction
  
• not allowed in public places

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Goebbels
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Kristallnacht