Anatomy

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Anatomy PhysiologyThe Ear
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A. Structure of the Ear

1. Outer ear
2. Middle ear
3. Inner ear

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1. Outer Ear
Auricle / Pinna
Tympanic Membrane
External Auditory Canal
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2. Middle Ear

• Eustachian tube / Pharyngotympanic tube
• Auditory Ossicles
• 1) Malleus
• 2) Incus
• 3) Stapes
• Tensor tympani Stapedius

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2. Middle Ear
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Tensor tympani
Stapedius
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3. Inner Ear

1. In temporal bone
2. Labyrinth boney maze inside the bone
3. Perilymph Endolymph fluids inside the inner
   ear

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Inner Eard. Three structures
Semicircular canals
Vestibule
Cochlea
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The Cochlea Hearing1. Structure of the Cochlea
Scala Vestibuli
Scala Media
Organ of Corti
Scala Tympani
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B. The Cochlea Hearing 1. Structure of the
Organ of Corti
Tectoral membrane
Hair Cells
Cochlear nerve
Basilar membrane
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2. Physiology of Hearing
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C. Sound

• 1. Frequency
• 20 20,000 Hz
• 2. Amplitude
• Decibels (dB)

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D. Deafness

• Conductive deafness
• a. Otosclerosis

• Sensorineural deafness
• a. Presbycusis

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E. Vestibule, Semicircular Canals, Equilibrium

1. Vestibule static equilibrium
2. Semicircular canals dynamic equilibrium

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1. Vestibule Utricle Saccule
Otoliths
Maculae
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Semicircular Canals
Three canals filled w/ Endolymph
Ampulla