Soviet Union Under Stalin

1
Soviet Union Under Stalin

• By Jacob Brown, Katie Roland, Taylor Leofsky,
  and Tyler Sensenig
• Bre Henry

2
A Totalitarian State

•   
• Karl Marx had predicted that under communism the
  state would wither away, under stalin the
  opposite happened
•  
• Stalin turned the Soviet Union into a
  totalitarian state controlled by a powerful and
  complex bureaucracy.

3
Stalins Five Year Plan

• Stalins Government took control over the soviet
  unions economy.
• He then came with the first of several "five year
  plans", his goal was to build heavy industry,
  improve transportation, and increase farm output.

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  z_v_rabote.jpg/30629636/kolkhoz_v_rabote.jpg

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Stalins Five Year Plan

• The soviet union created a command economy, were
  Government officials made all the basic economic
  choices.
• The Government owned all the businesses and
  distributed the resources.

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  110223032700035.jpg

5
Mixed Results in Industry

• The Government pushed workers to meet goals by
  giving bonuses to workers who succeeded and
  punishing workers who didn't.
• Between 1928 and 1939 production and mining grew
  and new railroads were build.
• Despite all this the standard of living remained
  low.
• Many factory's, in order to meet the Governments
  goals, produced large quantities and low quality
  good.
• wages were low and workers were forbidden to
  strike.
•  

6
Forced Collectivization in Agriculture

• Stalin brought all agriculture under the
  governments control.
• The Government demanded that farmers produce more
  grain to feed workers and to sell abroad.
• He wanted peasants to farm on state owned land
  and collectives, large farms owned and operated
  by peasants as a group.
• The state set all the prices and controlled
  access to farm supplies.
• Peasants resisted this by killing farm animals,
  destroying tools and burning crops, Stalin
  believed that the Kulaks, or wealthy farmers were
  behind the resistance.

7
Forced Collectivization in Agriculture

• In 1929 Stalin would "liquidate the Kulaks as a
  class" by taking their land and putting them in
  labor camps, thousands would we killed by
  overwork.
• In the 1932 ruthless policy and poor harvest led
  to famine that would later be called the terror
  famine, five to eight million starved in the
  Ukraine alone.

•   
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Propaganda

•     Stalin tried to boost the communist system by
  making himself a godlike figure. He used
  propaganda as a tool to build up a cult
  personality around himself. Using modern
  technology the party bombarded the public with
  relentless propaganda.
• propaganda-the spreading of ideas to promote a
  cause or to damage an opposing side.

9
Censorship

•     The heavy hand state control also gripped the
  arts. The government controlled what books were
  published what music was heard and which works of
  arts were displayed.
• censorship-restristion on access to ideas and
  information.

10
Russifcation

•     Another way Stalin controlled the cultural
  life of the Soviet Union was by promoting a
  policy of russifcation or making a nations
  culture more russian.
• russifcation- making a nations culture more
  russian.

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The rise of the Elite

•     Communists destroyed the old social order of
  land owning 
• nobles at the top and peasants at the bottom.
  Instead of 
• creating a society of equals that they promised,
  they created a 
• society where a few elite group emerged and
  ruled. The members of the communist party where
  the heads of society.

12
Benefits of Communism for the people

• children were required to attend free communist
  schools
• the state supported tech schools and universities
• the communist party set up programs for students
  outside of school such as, sports, cultural
  activities and political classes.
• The state provided free medical care, day care
  for children, inexpensive housing, and public
  recreation.
• Bread was plentiful

13
Drawbacks of Communism

• Schools taught communist values, such as atheism,
  the glory of collective farming, and the love of
  Stalin.
• People lacked the vital necessities
• housing was scarce, entire families might be
  packed into a single room
• Meat, fresh fruit, and other foods remained in
  short supply

14
Women in the Soviet Union

•    
• Under communists women won equality under the
  law, gained access to education and a wide range
  of jobs.
•  
• By the 1930's many soviet women were working in
  medicine, engineering, or the sciences.
•  
• Women contributed to soviet economic growth.
•  
• They worked in factories, construction, and on
  collectives.
•  
• The wages were needed because men and women
  earned the same low salaries

15
Atheism

• the communist party tried to strengthen its hold
  on the people by destroying their religious
  faith.
• Atheism is the belief that there is no god.
• The communist party targeted all religions and
  many leaders and priests were killed in the
  purges or sent to die in prison camps
• Atheism had its own "sacred" texts from Marx and
  Lenin.

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Soviet Foreign Policy

• Soviets wanted to guarantee their nations
  security by winning the support of other
  countries.
• 1919 Lenin formed the Comintern.
• The purpose of the Comintern was to encourage
  world-wide revolution.
• The Soviet Union also joined the League of
  Nations.
• Mistrust still poisoned relations, especially
  after the Great Purge.

17
Stalin's Terror Tactics

• Stalin used terror as a weapon against his own
  people.
• Perpetrated crimes against humanity
  systematically violated his peoples individual
  rights.
• Critics were rounded up sent to the Gulag.
•  
• Gulag A system of brutal labor camps, where many
  died.

18
Great Purge

• 1934, launched the Great Purge.
• Army heroes, industrial managers, writers
  ordinary citizens were charged with a huge amount
  of different crimes. Between counterrevolutionary
  plots to the failure to me reproduction quotas.
• Several Former Communist leaders confessed to all
  kinds of crimes.
• The purged party members were sometimes sent
  straight to the Gulag.
• At least 4 million people were purged during
  Stalin years.

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Results of the Purge

• Purges increased Stalins power.
• All of the soviet citizens were aware of the
  consequences of disloyalty.
• The victims included most of the nations military
  leaders about half of its military officers.
• This ended up being a loss that would weigh
  heavily on Stalin in 1941 when Germany invaded
  the Soviet Union.

20
Five Point Quiz

• 1. What were three of Stalins goals for his "five
  year plans"?
• 2. What did the schools teach in Communism?
• 3. What kind of state did Stalin turn the Soviet
  Union into?
• 4. What was one result of the Great Purge?
• 5. What was the purpose of the Comintern?