LIFE AFTER DEATH?

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LIFE AFTER DEATH? THE LATIN LANGUAGE IN THE
MODERN WORLD
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• Domini dominaeque, in principio Universitati
  Sinensi et praecipue doctori patri Ludovico Ha
  maximas gratias ago quod mihi cum Centro a
  studiis Catholicis laborandi atque coram vos
  hodie loquendi facultatem dederunt. Nunc videamus
  initium programmatis Latinae nuper a quadam
  statione televisifica Germanica emissam.

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Lingua Latina mortua est, vivat lingua Latina!
Salvete, domini dominaeque. Benigne vos
excipimus, qui transmittamus relationem temporis
culturae televisificam singularem - totam Latine
versam, quod non dubie iam intellexistis. De
mortuis nihil nisi bene. Estne Latinitas re vera
mortua? Audeamus et experiamur proferre communem
relationem televisificam Latine versam. Lingua
Latina ibi inveniri potest, ubi nemo hanc esse
suspicetur. Exempli gratia medio in ventre
Angelinae Jolie notis Latinis compunctum est
"Quod me nutrit, me destruit." Quae res ratione
carere videtur, sed haeret in mente, quod
spectaculis maximi momenti est. (opening lines
of the special Latin edition of the arts magazine
programme Kulturzeit, broadcast by the German
channel Sat3 in August 2008)
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William Shakespeare, HENRY VIII Act III, Scene I,
ll.46-57

• CARDINAL WOLSEY Tanta est erga te mentis
  integritas, reginaserenissima,--QUEEN
  KATHARINE O, good my lord, no LatinI am not
  such a truant since my coming,As not to know the
  language I have lived inA strange tongue makes
  my cause more strange,suspiciousPray, speak in
  English here are some will thank you,If you
  speak truth, for their poor mistress'
  sakeBelieve me, she has had much wrong lord
  cardinal,The willing'st sin I ever yet
  committedMay be absolved in English.

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Grace OMalley and Queen Elizabeth
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My rusty old Latin, which I had not thought to
use again

• O quam decepta fui, expectavi legationem mihi
  vere querelam adduxisti.....miror sane, miror
  tantam, et tam insolentem in publico audaciam,
  neque possum credere si rex tuus adesset quod
  ipse talia verba protulisset.
• Queen Elizabeth I of England to the Polish
  ambassador, 1597

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The Decline in the Written Use Latin in major
European countries

• 1539 France ends official use of Latin
• 1570s French overtakes Latin as main language
  for publication in France.
• 1680s Latin predominance in German publishing
  ends
• 1687 Newtons Principia Mathematica the last
  first-rank scientific publication (excluding
  botany) in Latin (Newtons Opticks was published
  in 1704 in English
• 1714 First international treaty in French
  (France and the Holy Roman Empire)
• 1733 Britain ends use of Latin for records of
  births, deaths etc.
• 1756 Last major treaty in Latin (Denmark and the
  Ottoman Empire)

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Who killed Latin?

• The Latin language was put in its grave by
  humanism
• Eduard Norden (1878 773)
• Utinam pestifera illa Renascentia quam
  Humanistae efficerunt non destruxerit (dum
  erigere eam se jactabant) Latinam adhuc possemus
  toti Europae scribere.
• C.S.Lewis to Don Giovanni Calabria,
  20/9/1947
• To the extent that humanism had any effect, it
  may actually have been to accelerate the trend
  towards the abandonment of Latin and the shift to
  the national languages
• Tore Janson (2004 148)

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• Re autem vera tantum afuit ut humanistae
  Latinitati exitio fuerint, ut paene exploratum
  habere possimus propter ipsa humanistarum studia
  linguam Latinam multo diutius viguisse.  Huius
  rei documenta cum multis e fontibus elucent, tum
  praecipue in libro inveniuntur optimo, quem his
  novissimis annis composuit Iosephus IJsewijn,
  professor Lovanienis
• Terentius Tunberg, Quid Latinitas sit
  Moderna?

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Nuntii Latini Forum (8/3/08) http//chat.yle.fi/l
atini/viewtopic.php?f4t565

• Scitisne fuisse in I Re Publica Polonia (XVI -
  XVII saeculum) proverbium "Eques Polonus sum,
  Latine loquor"? Omnes nobiles potuerunt Latine
  loqui. Legi id in Polonia possibile fuisse
  nesciens aliam linguam praeter Latinam cum multis
  hominibus colloquere. Circa 15 populi Poloni,
  praecipue nobiles naturaliter, potuerunt Latine
  tam bene loqui!

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Latin in 17th century Poland and Hungary - Burke
(2004), p.46-47

• a man who can speak Latin may travel from one
  end of Poland to the other as familiarly as if he
  was born in the country. Bless us! What would a
  gentleman do that was to travel through England
  and could speak nothing but Latin?
• Daniel Defoe
• peasants and shepherds in Hungary speak
  Latin more thoroughly than many priests do
  elsewhere
• 
  Claim by a Flemish monk, 1633
• In Hungary coachmen, watermen and mean persons
  could make themselves understood in Latin
• Edward Browne 1668

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Latin at table 1970s

• Interestingly, the most Latin I have ever
  needed to speak was purely for practical reasons.
  I once found myself seated at lunch next to the
  great Jesuit theologian Karl Rahner, then retired
  to the Jesuit college in Munich. He had
  rudimentary English. I was just starting German.
  He asked "Nunc, frater...  um, er.... potesne
  loqui in Latine?" We bumped along well enough
  after my nervous "Sic, Pater." 
• Fr Gregory Sharkey, S.J.

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KARL MARX AN PRINCIPATUS AUGUSTI MERITOINTER
FELICIORES REIPUBLICAE ROMANAE AETATES NUMERETUR?

• Examinatio Maturitatis (1835)
• Quaerenti, qualis Augusti aetas fuerit, plura
  occurunt, exquibus de ea judicari potest primum
  comparatio cum aliis Romanae historiae aetatibus,
  nam, si ostenderis, aetatibus prioribus, quas
  felices appellant, similem fuisse Augusti
  aetatem, illis vero, quas aequalium et recentium
  judicium, versis et mutatis moribus in pejorem
  partem, republica in factiones divisa, in bello
  etiam rebus male gestis, dissimilem, de ea ex
  aliis conjecturam facere potes tum quaerendum
  est, quae veteres de ea ipsa dixerint, quid
  externae gentes de imperio habuerint, an id
  veriti sint aut contemserint, denique vero quales
  artes litteraeque fuerint.
• www.latinlibrary.com/marx.html

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quaerite an. dixerit e cohorte illa dumtaxat
antiquiore vel oratorum aliquis vel poetarum, id
est classicus adsiduusque scriptor, non
proletarianus M.Cornelius
Fronto (2nd. Cent. A.D.) A gentleman need not
know Latin, but he should at least have forgotten
it. Brander Matthews (1852-1929)

• A language with class?

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Introducing Latinitas Viva

• http//www.latinitatis.com/latinitas/menu_gb.htm
  (with audio samples)
• Terentius Tunberg, Quid sit Latinitas Moderna
• http//www.uky.edu/AS/Classics/retiarius/ian98lati
  n.html
• Luigi Miraglia, Cómo (non) senseña el Latín
• http//www.aalg.org/miraglia.htm
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recent_Latin
• (a good survey but Living Latin, though
  normally implying spoken Latin, also extends to
  use in written communication)

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Rationales for Speaking and Writing Latin

• As entertainment
• As a pedagogical tool with access to past
  literature (Classical, Medieval or Neo-Latin)
  still the main goal
• As a cultural preservation project to revive and
  protect an endangered language
• To revive Latin as a major language of
  international communication

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Victorius Ciarrocchi, the most active member of
Grex Latine Loquentium
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Evan Millner, designer of the Latin podcast
programme
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Father Reginald Foster, Vatican Latinist
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ATM Vatican style
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FR. CAELESTIS EICHENSEER(1924 2008),
FOUNDER-EDITOR OF VOX LATINA
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Augustine, Confessiones I, XIV, 23Latin learned
natively v. Greek via grammar

• sine ullo metu atque cruciatu, inter etiam
  blandimenta nutricum et ioca arridentium et
  laetitias alludentium
• Videlicet difficultas omnino ediscendae linguae
  peregrinae quasi felle aspergebat omnes
  suavitates graecas fabulosarum narrationum. Nulla
  enim verba illa noveram, et saevis terroribus ac
  poenis, ut nossem, instabatur mihi vehementer

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W.H.D.ROUSE 1863-1950
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• Magister (entering). Salvete. (No answer or not
  improbably, someone repeats)Boy. Salvete.M. Non
  tu dic Salve (pointing to him), Salve.
  Salvete.B. Salve.M. (offering chalk). Scribe,
  salve, salvete. (Points to board. Boy writes.)
  (So at the end of the lesson, Valete, vale.) M.
  (calling in a colleague, or elder boy, who is in
  waiting they seat themselves side by side then
  they rise). Surgimus. (They sit down.)
  Considimus. (Beckoning to the boys, and clapping
  his hands at each word of the Series.) Universi!
  Surgimus, Considimus. (They repeat words and acts
  several times then the master beckons to another
  boy) Scribe surgimus (he writes), Considimus(he
  writes).M. and Colleague. Surgimus, eximus,
  inimus, considimus. (They move away from the
  chair, and back as they say the new words always
  word and act go together. Class drill.)M. and C.
  Surgimus, eximus ,ambulamus(they walk a few
  steps) revenimus,inimus, considimus,sedemus. (The
  words are written as before, first one by one,
  then the whole series of seven.) M. Nunc "
  aspicite caudam " (points). Quae est cauda ?
  (After a while, or at once, someone will answer)
  ?B. -mus. M. Quid valet -mus Anglice ? (He may
  have to ask this in English, but the answer must
  be got somehow.) B. We
  
• From
  Rouse Appleton, Latin on the Direct Method
  (1925)

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Hans Orberg, author of Latina per se Illustrata
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Luigi Miraglia, direct method advocate and
president of the Academia Vivarium Novum
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Dialogue from Adlers A Practical Grammar of the
Latin Language (1858)Recording available from
www.mylatinpodcast.com

• Have you good sugar?
• Yes, sir, I have good sugar
• Have you the good ribbon?
• I have the fine ribbon.
• Which hat have you?
• I have my ugly hat.
• Which ribbon have you?
• I have your fine ribbon.

• Éstne tíbi sáccharum bónum?
• Sáne, dómine, ést míhi sáccharum bónum
• Habesne taéniam púlchram?
• Hábeo taéníam púlchram?
• Quí est tíbi píleus?
• Quem píleum habes
• Píleum túrpem méum habeo.
• Quae est tíbi taénia?
• Quam hábes taéniam?
• Taéniam túam púlchram hábeo.

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John C. Traupman, Conversational Latin for Oral
Proficiency, p.15

• A Salve! Quid est nomen tibi? Hello!
  Whats your name?
• B Salve et tu. Mihi nomen est _______. Quid
  est nomen tibi? Hello! My names ________
  Whats your name?
• A Nomen mihi est _______. Quid agis? My
  names ________ How are you?
• B Valeo, gratias. Quid agis tu? Im fine,
  thanks. How are you?
• A Valeo. Hui, te novi Nonne in proximo vico
  habitas?
• Im fine. Hey, I know you. Dont you
  live in the next street?
• B Etiam, habito Yes, I do.
• A Quid novi ibi? Whats new there?
• B Nihil novi. Vale, _____ Nothing new.
  Bye, ______
• A Vale, _____ Bye, _______

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Epistula die 8 Novembri mensis ad Gregem Latine
Loquentium missa

• Omnibus sodalibus p. s. d.
• Valde electione Obamae Civitatum foederatarum
  Americae Septentrionalispraesidis, amici,
  gaudeo.Senex non inscius de publicis rebus
  cuiuslibet fere loci temporisque,aetates aureas
  venturas nondum spero, neque principes
  thaumaturgos atqueevergetas adhuc expecto.
  Christianus, unum esse Redemptorem humani generis
  (sed tantum quod attinet ad salutem aeternam
  animarum) credo. Tamen aliquid melius factum iri
  puto, Obama praelato, in publicis rebus regendis,
  tam in Foederatis Civitatibus quam pro ceteris
  nationibus. Pacem restauraturum atque servaturum
  Obamam spero, plebem adiuturum, liberalia studia
  aucturum. Alios populos exemplum Americanorum
  imitaturos spero, quos scurras quosdam, potius
  quam praesides, de potestate, qua indigne potiti
  sunt,  eiecturos expecto.Valete omnes.Caesar
  Santucci

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CIRCULUS LATINUS LONDINIENSIShttp//members.lycos
.co.uk/avitus2002/CLL.htmlCirculus Latinus
Londiniensis unus est e plurimis Circulis Latinis
totius orbis terrarum qui statutis temporibus
homines omne genus congregant qui Latine loqui
student... Sicut plurimi alii Circuli Latini,
malumus convenire in locum qui foveat convivalem
aditum ad humanitatem cujus omnes possint
participare, nempe in domum publicam sic enim
appellant Angli tabernas primo, si licet,
cujusque mensis Jovis die. Magna jucunditate
omnibus de rebus Latine loqui solemus quas animum
nostrum alliciunt, dum cervesiæ sextarios ut fit
apud Britannos bibimus vel cenamus. Sæpe etiam
cum prope assidentibus sermones conserimus qui
mirantur quanam lingua tam alacriter loquamur.