Living vs. Non-living

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Unit 1

• Living vs. Non-living

• Measurement

• Scientific Method

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What is Science?
Science is an ongoing study of our world.
Why do people study science?

• To solve problems
• To invent new technology

What is Biology?
Biology is the study of life.
- ology
The study of
Bio
life
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Living vs. Non-living
Objectives

1. Know the six characteristics all living things
   must have.
2. Know the four factors an organism needs to
   remain alive.

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How do we know if something is alive?
Living things

1. Have one or more cells
2. Sense and respond to change
3. Reproduce
4. Have genetic material (DNA)
5. Use energy to carry out activities
6. Grow and develop

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What do organisms need to stay alive?
Living organisms need

1. Energy
2. Water
3. Air
4. Shelter (A place to live)

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Living vs. Non-living Poster
Day 1

• Look for living and non-living objects in
  magazines.
• You need to cut out 7 living and 7 non-living
  pictures.
• You can not use pictures of people, weapons, or
  anything inappropriate.

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Living vs. Non-living Poster
Day 2 3

• Continue looking for 7 living and 7 non-living
  objects.
• After you have your pictures cut out you may get
  a piece of construction paper.
• You need to glue your pictures on the paper and
  decorate the poster.
• You must identify the objects and classify them
  as living or non-living.
• Make sure your name and class period are on the
  poster.

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Living vs. Non-living Poster
Day 4 Presentations

• You need to talk about 2 or 3 living and 2 or 3
  non-living objects.
• You need to explain at least 1 of the 6
  characteristics that makes the object living or
  non-living.

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What do scientists do?
- They do research and experiments to solve
problems
How do they do their job?

• Use safety procedures
• Use equipment
• Use measurement

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Safety Rules

1. Know where safety equipment is.
2. DO NOT eat or drink in the lab!
3. Never taste chemicals!
4. Be careful with glassware.
5. Report cuts, spills, and broken glass to the
   teacher immediately.
6. Wash your hands after experiments
7. Wear goggles when working with chemicals.
8. Tie hair back when working with fire.
9. Use mitts or tongs to pick up hot glassware.

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Measurement
Objectives
1. Know the appropriate metric unit for mass,
volume, temperature and length. 2. Know the
appropriate instrument for measuring mass,
volume, temperature and length. 3. Know how to
use a ruler, balance, thermometer and graduated
cylinder and read measurements. 4. Know how to
convert between metric units and determine larger
or smaller measurements.
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Measurement

• a number
• a unit

A measurement has two parts
In Science, we always use metric units. All
scientists use metric units so they can easily
discuss results.
Measurement Metric Unit
Temperature Celsius (0 C)
Length Meter (m)
Mass Gram (g)
Volume Liter (L)
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Measurement Vocabulary
Temperature
is a measure of how hot or cold an object is.
Length
is a measure of the distance from one point to
another.
Mass
is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
Volume
is a measure of the amount of space an object
takes up.
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Measurement Instrument Metric Unit
Temperature Thermometer Celsius
Length Metric Ruler Meter
Mass Balance Gram
Volume Graduated cylinder Liter
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Metric Units

• Based on the power of 10
• Conversions are the same you just change the unit

milli centi deci BASE deca hecto kilo
If you move to the right on the chart you move
the decimal to the left. Left on the chart,
move decimal to the right.
How many millimeters long is the motor in the
picture?
8 mm
How many centimeters long is the motor in the
picture?
0.8 cm
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Metric Conversions
1000
Move up Move decimal left
100
10
1
1/10
Move down Move decimal right
1/100
1/1000
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Measuring length

• Use a ruler
• Line up from zero not the end of the ruler
• Small divisions are millimeters

0
1
2
3
4
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Metric Conversions
10 mm 1 cm 100 cm 1 m 1000 mm 1 m 1000 m
1 km
Base units g gram L liter m meter
Prefixes
m milli- c centi- d deci-
da deca- h hecto- k kilo-
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Conversion Activity
Please convert the following measurements A.
3.5 kg ________ g B. 0.27 L ________
mL C. 6.2 m _________ cm D. 22.0 mm
________ cm E. 55 mL _______ L F. 3 cm
_______ m G. 15 dm ________ m H. 22 cm
_______ mm I. 98 g ________ kg J. 82.1 dm
________ cm
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COPY HOMEWORK on a separate sheet of
paper Conversion Activity
A. 5.6 grams to milligrams B. 125
centimeters to meters C. 1350 milliliters to
liters D. 3000 grams to kilograms E. 25
decimeters to meters F. 4.2 liters to
milliliters G. 357 milligrams to grams H.
0.85 kilometers to decimeters I. 14
millimeters to centimeters J. 67.5 centimeters
to millimeters
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September 22 nd Measurement Lab Purpose
Understand how to use a metric ruler and
correctly measure 10 objects using mm or cm.
Object Measurement










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Temperature
1. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
Example 85 oF oC .5555 x (85 32) oC .5555
x 53 29.4 oC
oC 5/9 x (oF 32) oC .5555 x (oF -32)
2. Converting Celsius to Fahrenheit
oF (9/5 x oC) 32 oF (1.8 x oC) 32
Water oF oC
Boiling Pt. 212 100
Melting Pt 32 0
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Measuring Volume
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• Use a graduated cylinder.
• The water will curve in the cylinder.
• Hold it level with your eye.
• Read the bottom of the curve.
• Measures in milliliters mL.

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10
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Reading a graduated cylinder

• 1. Always read at eye level.
• 2. Read the volume at the bottom of the curve
  (meniscus).
• 3. Make sure you use the correct scale.

Each mark 0.1 mL
Each mark 1 mL
Volume 5.5 mL
Volume 13 mL
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October 3rd Temperature and Volume Lab
Purpose To understand how to use a thermometer
and read a graduated cylinder.
Station Volume
1
2
3
4
5
6
Station Temperature
1
2
3
4
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Measuring Mass

• Use a triple beam balance
• First balance it at zero.
• Then put item on the pan.
• Then move one weight at a time. Start with the
  smallest scale.
• When balanced, add up the weights.
• Put all weights back to zero before removing
  object from the pan.

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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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www.edinformatics.com/ math_science/mass.htm
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• Get out your homework to be collected.
• Write down your homework in your agenda.
• Measurement Packet due Wednesday!
• Two people please pass out lab notebooks.
• Copy the following in your lab notebook.

Object Measurement










October 6th Mass Lab Purpose Understand how
to use a triple beam balance and correctly weigh
10 objects.
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Scientific Method
A series of steps used to answer a question or
solve a problem.
Six steps of the Scientific Method
1. Ask a question. (What do you want to know?)
2. Develop a hypothesis. (An educated guess of
the outcome.)
3. Test the hypothesis ( a. Design an
experiment b. Collect data)
4. Analyze the data. (What does your data mean?)
5. Draw conclusions. (What did you learn?)
6. Communicate results.
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Vocabulary
Observation

• To take notice
• Use your five senses
• Record what you observe

Inference

• Using your observations to form an opinion
• Not facts

Data
Facts that are known to be true
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Scientific Vocabulary
Control
A standard that is used to compare the outcome.
Constant
Anything that does not change during an
experiment.
Independent variable
(manipulated variable)
The thing you change in an experiment (ex.
sunlight)
Dependent variable
(responding variable)
The measure of change for the outcome (ex. plant
height)