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Resistance%20and%20rebellion

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No one had control of Canada. Provisional government. ... Racism against the metis. Thousands of settlers arrived from Canada to stake their claim to land. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Resistance%20and%20rebellion


1
Louis Riel
  • Resistance and rebellion

2
Where did we leave off?
  • Transfer of Ruperts Land to Canada
  • Families who had lived at Red River for several
    generations were left with an uncertain future

3
What happened next?
  • William Mcdougall sent a survey team to Red River
  • Wanted to establish boundary markers to prepare
    for immigrants
  • Survey crews trespassed on farms and did not
    inform residents what they were doing
  • Survey crew only spoke English

4
The comite national des metis
  • Andre Nault tried to prevent surveyors from
    working on his land
  • When the surveyors ignored him, a group of
    Naults neighbors (including his cousin, Louis
    Riel) stepped in.
  • The group declared that the Dominion of Canada
    had no right to survey Red River without
    permission from its residents
  • On October 19, 1869- formed the Comite national
    des Metis to oppose Canadian presence in Red River

5
The comite takes charge
  • Mcdougall and officials tried to enter Red River
    from the United States
  • They were kicked out.
  • Comite called upon all parishes- French and
    English to elect representatives to discuss their
    strategy
  • Macdonald wanted to delay the land transfer so
    they could investigate the problems
  • Mcdougall rode across the border anyways-
    proclaimed Ruperts land for Canada and left.
  • No one had control of Canada.

6
Provisional government
  • Mcdougalls actions prompted the Comite to create
    a list of demands
  • Formed a Provisional Government with Louis Riel
    as its president
  • Were not willing to recognize Canadian authority
    until their rights were guaranteed.

7
thomas scott
  • Thomas Scott was an Orangeman who tried to take
    over Red River
  • Provisional Government found him guilty of
    treason
  • Executed by firing squad
  • Public opinion remained divided
  • Ontario- against execution
  • Quebec- Riel was a hero

8
The manitoba act
  • May 12, 1870- Manitoba bill passed
  • July 15, 1870- Act would take effect
  • Provisional Govt
  • voted to accept the terms
  • Guaranteed
  • Elected Govt
  • Schools run by churches
  • Bilingualism
  • 1.4 million acres of
  • land
  • Metis could keep their
  • land

9
The Reign of terror
  • After Manitoba became a province, Macdonald sent
    soldiers from Canada.
  • Why would he do this?
  • Manitoba needed troops like the rest of Canada
  • People in Ontario were angry about the death of
    Thomas Scott and were determined to punish
    members of the provisional government

10
A bloody mess
  • Many members of the provisional government were
    warned and left the settlement
  • The militia beat, threatened, and harassed any
    Metis people they encountered
  • On Sept.13, 1870, militia members attacked and
    killed Elzear Goulet because he was a member the
    court that convicted Scott.
  • No one was punished for his death.
  • Violence against the Metis continued until 1872

11
Riel big challenges
  • After Manitoba entered Confederation, Riel feared
    for his life and spent almost all his time in
    hiding
  • Won a by-election in 1873 to enter politics
  • In Feb. 1875 the federal government granted
    amnesty to Riel
  • Banished for 5 years
  • Moved to Montana
  • 1883- became a schoolteacher

12
Racism against the metis
  • Thousands of settlers arrived from Canada to
    stake their claim to land
  • Metis people were greatly outnumbered
  • Those who were unable to pass as Euro-Canadians
    were labelled as half-breeds

13
The metis leave
  • Many metis people leave manitoba
  • Moved to the united states, alberta, and
    saskatchewan

14
Cause and consequence
  • Why did the Metis population leave Manitoba?
  • What were the consequences of this dispersal?

15
Uh oh here we go again!
  • The problems that the Metis experienced in
    Manitoba were happening again in Saskatchewan
  • Decline of Metis jobs
  • Land surveyors were coming in ignoring the Metis
    river lots
  • Canadian government had begun building the
    Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR)
  • Land speculators began acquiring land for the CPR
  • Non-Aboriginal immigrants began arriving and
    staking claim to the land
  • June 1884- a delegation of Metis people went to
    Montana to find Louis Riel

16
The north-west resistance
  • The Metis needed Riels help
  • Wrote a petition outlining grievances and demands
  • The government in Ottawa acknowledged the
    petition but would only agree to look into the
    problems
  • Riel took over a church in Batoche and declared a
    provisional government
  • Riel wrote a Bill of Rights (like the one from
    1869)

17
Groups that are watching closely
  1. Immigrants interested in settling in the area
  2. Canadian Government
  3. Non-Metis Aboriginals
  4. Orangemen
  5. Land Speculators from Toronto (People who make
    money from buying and selling the land)

18
In your group
  • Read the Bill of Rights, 1885
  • Highlight the words and phrases that your group
    would find important
  • Be prepared to justify your
  • answers

19
Next
  • Answer the following questions
  • What would your group like about the Bill? Why?
  • What would your group not like? Why?
  • How would the group you represent respond?
  • Elect one member from your group to be the
    scribe.
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