Roman Republic

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Roman Republic Roman Empire
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Romulus RemusBirth of Rome (753 BCE)
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The Early Italian Peninsula
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Birth of the Republic509 BCE

• Tarquinius Superbus
• End of Monarchy
• Patricians
• Plebeians

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Executive, Legislative Judicial Branches

• Consuls
• Dictators
• Magistrates
• Praetors
• Senate
• Assembly
• Tribune
• Census
• Pontifex Maximus

• Res publica
• SPQR
• Checks Balances
• Blend of monarchy, democracy aristocracy
• Plebeians Gain Rights
• 12 Tables

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The Roman Forum
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Temple of Antoninus Faustina, Temple of Divus
Julius, Arch of Constantine, House of Vestal,
Temple of Castor Pollux
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Circus Maximus
Ben Hur Chariot Scene
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Roman ExpansionThe Punic Wars
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1st Punic War(264-241 BCE)

• Cultural Diffusion
• Added Corvis for land-based army!

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2nd Punic War(218-202 BCE)

• Carthage has trouble paying indemnity
• Takes over Spanish Silver Mines to help
• Saguntum (Carthage City) asked Rome for help
• Enter Hannibal Barca
• Scipio Africanus?

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3rd Punic War (149-146 BCE)
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Raized Carthage Salt the Earth?
Carthago delenda est!
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Roman Expansion Post Punic Wars
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The 1st Triumvirate (60-53 BCE)

• Reasons for Coalition
• Caesar savy politician Veni, Vedi, Vici
• Crassus money, lots of money
• Pompey Senate veterans adored him

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• Gained Territory in Spain and Gaul
• Political Economic Reforms
• Crassus defeat death
• Crossing the Rubicon The Point of No Return
  The Die Is Now Cast
• Cleopatras Ptolemy XIIIs Civil War

From Assassination to Civil War Video
Julius Caesar The Dictator
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Via Appia
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From Republic to Empire Augustus
I left Rome a city of marble, though I found it a
city of bricks!
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Pax Romana (27 BCE-180 CE)
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Pax Romanas Achievements
Political Economic Social Innovations
Internal Peace Minimal Power Disputes Praetorian Guard Bureaucracy Civil Service Exam Expansionism Stoicism Law men being equal under the law right to face accuser innocent until proven guilty Marcus Aurelius Meditations Standardized coins Denarius Subsidized Public Projects Trading Network Protection by Roman navy Roman Roads Silk Roads Latin Greek Gender Roles marriage Breads Circuses Diffusion of Judaism Christianity Concrete Arches aqueducts Public Baths Roman Forum Pantheon Coliseum Roads , bridges, harbors Poetry Epics Aeneid-Virgil Horace-Odes Pliny, Tacitus, Livy Silver Age Art realistic instead of Greek idealism Galen-medical encyc.
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Coliseum
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Inside the Coliseum
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Inside the Coliseum
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Pantheon
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Pantheons Ocular
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Pantheon Interior by Giovanni Pannini (18th c.)
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Hadrians Wall
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Roman Arch Bridge in Segovia
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Segovias Aqueduct
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Trajans Column
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Diocletians Reforms Tetrarchy
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Arch of Constantine
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Milvian Bridge
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Things That Make You Say HMMM
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Pompeii
Pompeii The Last Day
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Civic Forum Temple of Jupiter City Market
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Mosaic Tiled Floors
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Fast Food
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Storage Jars
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Amphitheatre
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Fresco
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Necropolis
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House in Herculaneum
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Frescoes on Villa Walls