PCa%20PowerPoint%20Presentation

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HEY YOU!
Wake-up man
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Hey Smart Guy!
Can you guess who can get prostate cancer?
Not you?
Well, guess again any male can get prostate
cancer
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What do you know about prostate cancer?
Not Much!

• Facts That Every Man Over 40 Should Know about
  Prostate Cancer

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What is the Prostate Gland?

• The prostate is part of the male reproductive
  system
• Its major function is to secrete a fluid to
  nourish semen during intercourse
• The prostate is about the size of a walnut but it
  can grow with age
• It is located below the urinary bladder, in front
  of the rectum surrounding the urethra (the canal
  for the discharge of urine that extends from the
  urinary bladder to the outside)

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What Is Prostate Cancer?

• In prostate cancer, as in other types of cancer,
  cells grow out of control and form tumors
• If the tumor is within the gland, the cancer is
  said to be localized and curable
• If the cancer escapes the gland it is considered
  incurable
• Early detection before the cancer escapes the
  gland becomes very important

EARLY DETECTION CAN POSSIBLY SAVE YOUR LIFE
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What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?

• You might not have any at all!
• Often there are none, or they are not recognized
• Major symptoms
• Urinary frequency
• Slow urinary flow
• Painful urination
• Blood in urine or semen
• Impotence
• Lower back or thigh pain

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How Significant Is Prostate Cancer?

• In the USA, 230,110 men will be diagnosed with
  prostate cancer. That is one man diagnosed every
  3 minutes
• Prostate cancer deaths are estimated at 29,900
  That is one death every 18 minutes
• Source Cancer Facts and Figures 2004- American
  Cancer Society

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How much of a threat?

• Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed non-skin
  cancer in American men and the second leading
  cause of cancer death .

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How does early detection help?

• Survival rate at 5 years is 99 for those whose
  cancer is still just in the prostate gland
  (localized).
• Survival rate at 5 years for those whose cancer
  has spread beyond the gland (late diagnosis) is
  only 31

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Who Is at Most Risk?

• Prostate cancer is almost twice as common in
  African-American men than in Caucasian men
• African Americans are more than twice as likely
  to die when diagnosed than Caucasian men
• Although all men are at risk

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Prostate cancer risk factors

• Age The risk increases with age, but 25 of
  diagnoses are made under age 65.
• Race African-Americans have a rate of incidence
  double that of Caucasian men
• Family history of prostate cancer Men with a
  family history have two- to three-fold increase
  in the risk of prostate cancer
• Diet A diet high in saturated animal fat can
  double the risk of developing prostate cancer.

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Race as a Risk Factors
Incidence Death Afr.-Am. 230.3
55.0 Cauc. 153.5 24.1 Hisp. 106.7
16.8 Asian 91.3 11.1
Source Rates per 100,000 and age-adjusted.
SEER incidence and U.S. cancer death rates,
1990-95, in Cancer 82 1197-207, 1998 (SEER NCI
Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results
Program
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Family History as a Risk Factor

• 2.4 times increased risk for men with a
  first-degree relative
• (Spitz, et al, Familial patterns of prostate
  cancer A case-control analysis, J Urol, 1991,
  1461305-1307)

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Diet As A Risk Factor

• Eating red meat increases the risk of developing
  prostate cancer 2.64 times
• Red meat and dairy products are high in
  saturated fat rich in arachidonic acid (a fatty
  acid)
• Vegetable oil is rich in alpha linolenic acid (a
  fatty acid)
• By-products of these fats promote the growth and
  seriousness of prostate cancer
• Eating a diet high in fats also lowers the
  bodys defenses

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So what CAN I eat?

• A balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables! (5
  servings/day)
• Lower your intake of red meat, processed and
  fried foods. Eat more plant-based food like soy
  protein.
• Watch portion sizes (3 oz meat/serving)
• Eat foods with lycopene (tomatoes, watermelon and
  red grapefruit) which may be associated with a
  decreased risk of prostate cancer.

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Prevention

• Selenium supplements in the organic form
  grown in yeast. (200 mcg)
• --In randomized studies this dose reduced the
  incidence of prostate cancer 63
• Natural vitamin E (50 IU)
• --Shown in clinical trials to reduce the risk
  of prostate cancer by 40

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How to Avoid an Advanced Stage Diagnosis
PSA
Early Detection is the AnswerMen are assuming
more responsibilityfor their health

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No Warning!

• Since symptoms can be caused by other conditions
  annual testing is KEY!
• Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), a blood test
• Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), a physical exam
• Basic tools to find Prostate Cancer EARLY!

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What You Should Know About the PSA Test

• PSA is checked by a fingerstick blood test
  screening
• Please note that an out-of-range results could be
  caused by other problems so check with your
  doctor
• A follow-up visit to the doctor for a physical
  prostate check (DRE) improves the value of your
  PSA testing in early disease detection

DRE and PSA together are often able to detect
prostate cancer better and sooner than either
test alone.
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Why do I have to have a DRE?

• In the DRE the doctor examines you by feeling the
  prostate gland through the rectum with his finger
  (digit)
• DRE improves the value of PSA testing in early
  disease detection
• DRE and PSA together are often able to detect
  prostate cancer better and sooner than either
  test alone

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Testing Guidelines

• DRE 40 years and older every year
• (American Cancer Society guidelines)
• PSA 50 years and older every year
• (American Cancer Society
  guidelines)
• If family history of prostate cancer and/or
  African-American 40 years and
  older every year (American Cancer Society
  guidelines)

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Be a man!

• Take responsibility for your health!
• The normal range for PSA is 0.0 to 4.0 ng/ml.
  (This is just a guideline range)
• Knowing your PSA number lets you help track
  your own health.

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Get checked at your health fair

• Date
• Time
• Room
• For more Information contact

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What if my PSA is high?

• See your doctor for a thorough examination.
  Infection needs to be ruled out.
• Antibiotics are often prescribed to rule out
  infection
• A free-PSA ratio test may be ordered if PSA
  remains high after antibiotics. It helps detect
  the presence of prostate cancer. A free-PSA ratio
  of 15 or less indicates a high probability of
  prostate cancer. Ultrasound and biopsy
  examination may be ordered if the Free-PSA ratio
  indicates possible cancer.