Sustainable Cities

1
Sustainable Cities
G. Tyler Millers Living in the Environment 14th
Edition Chapter 25
2
Key Concepts

• Distribution of urban and rural populations

• Factors determining urban development

• Resource and environmental problems in urban areas

• Effects of transportation systems on urban growth

• Planning and controlling urban growth

• Making cities more sustainable and desirable

3
Urbanization and Urban Growth

• Urban areas

• Rural areas

• Villages

• Cities

• Urban growth natural increase and immigration

• Push and pull factors

4
Patterns of Urban Growth

• Increasing proportion of population

• Great increase in large cities (gt1,000,000)

• Increasing rapidly in developing counties

• Urban growth slower in developed countries

• Poverty in urban areas increasing

5
Urbanization in the US

• Migration to large central cities

• Migration from cities to suburbs

• Migration from north and east to south and west

• Migration from urban to rural areas

• Spatial patterns of development (see Fig. 25-4 p.
  566)

6
Major Urban Regions in the US
Fig. 25-4 p. 566
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Impacts of Urban Sprawl
Fig. 25-6 p. 567
8
Urban Resource and Environmental Problems

• Air and water pollution waste management

• Reduction in vegetation

• Importation of food, energy, and materials

• Noise pollution

• Climate impacts urban heat islands

• Impacts on surrounding rural areas

9
Urban Areas Inputs and Outputs
Fig. 25-8 p. 569
10
Urban Poor in Developing Countries

• Slums
• Squatter settlements
• Shantytowns
• Illegal settlements
• Poverty and unemployment

11
Transportation and Urban Development

• Individual transit

• Mass transit

• Buses

• Trains

• Automobiles(See Pro/Con p. 572-573)

12
Urban Land-Use Planning and Control

• Land-use planning

• Property taxes

• Zoning

• Smart growth

• Urban growth boundary

• Greenbelts

• Cluster development (See Fig. 25-18 p. 579)

13
Greenbelts
Fig. 25-17 p. 579
14
Cluster Housing
Fig. 25-18 p. 579
15
Solutions Making Urban Areas More Livable and
Sustainable

• New cities and towns

• Ecocity (green city)

• Trees and climate-specific landscaping

• People-oriented

• High energy efficiency