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The Major Body Systems

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The Major Body Systems Identify major body systems and their functions, including the circulatory system, respiratory system, excretory system, and reproductive system. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Major Body Systems


1
The Major Body Systems
  • Identify major body systems and their functions,
    including the circulatory system, respiratory
    system, excretory system, and reproductive system.

2
The Circulatory System
  • The circulatory system is made up of the vessels
    and the muscles that control the flow of the
    blood around the body. This process is called
    circulation. The main parts of the system are the
    heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins.

3
  • As blood begins to circulate, it leaves the
    heart from the left ventricle and goes into the
    aorta. The aorta is the largest artery in the
    body. The blood leaving the aorta is full of
    oxygen. This is important for the cells in the
    brain and the body to do their work. The oxygen-
    rich blood travels throughout the body in its
    system of arteries.

4
  • On its way back to the heart, the blood travels
    through a system of veins. As it reaches the
    lungs, the carbon dioxide (a waste product) is
    removed from the blood and replace with fresh
    oxygen that we have inhaled through the lungs.
  •  

5
What is Blood?
  • Blood is thicker than water and has a slightly
    salty taste. In an adults body there is 10.6
    pints of blood circulating around. In their blood
    there are billions of living blood cells floating
    in a liquid called plasma. The red blood cells
    are the heavier, more solid parts. The plasma is
    lighter.

6
The Respiratory System
  • The primary function of the respiratory system
    is to supply the blood with oxygen to be
    delivered to all parts of the body.

http//www.umm.edu/respiratory/images/respiratory_
anatomy.jpg
7
  • Respiration is achieved through the mouth, nose,
    trachea, lungs, and diaphragm. Oxygen enters the
    respiratory system through the mouth and the
    nose.

http//hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/repiratorysys.html
8
  • The oxygen then passes through the larynx (where
    speech sounds are produced) and the trachea which
    is a tube that enters the chest cavity.

http//library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm
9
  • In the chest cavity, the trachea splits into two
    smaller tubes called the bronchi. Each bronchus
    then divides again forming the bronchial tubes.

http//library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp4.htm
10
  • The bronchial tubes lead directly into the lungs
    where they divide into many smaller tubes which
    connect to tiny sacs called alveoli.

http//library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp3.htm
11
  • The diaphragm's job is to help pump the carbon
    dioxide out of the lungs and pull the oxygen into
    the lungs.

http//hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/repiratorysys.html
12
  • There are many diseases that can harm and even
    destroy the respiratory system. Asthma is an
    increasingly common disease that causes coughing
    and makes it hard to breathe. Lung cancer is a
    major cause of death particularly among smokers.
    Tuberculosis is a disease caused by bacteria that
    can destroy the lungs.

13
The Excretory System
  • The excretory system regulates the chemical
    composition of body fluids by removing wastes and
    retaining the proper amounts of water, salts, and
    nutrients. Components of this system include the
    kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin.

www.faqs.org/health/images/uchr_02_img0199.jpg
14
  • The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such
    as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along
    with water, as urine.

Cross section of a kidney
http//www.imcpl.org/kids/guides/health/excretorys
ystem.html
15
  • The kidneys funnel the urine into the bladder
    along two separate tubes called ureters.

http//library.thinkquest.org/5777/urin1.htm
16
  • The bladder stores the urine until muscular
    contractions force the urine out of the body
    through the urethra.

17
  • The liver acts as a filter for the blood. As
    blood passes through the liver, it removes amino
    acids that do not need to be in your body.

http//www.livercancer.com/images/anterior.liver.g
if
18
  • The other excretory organ is the skin. The skin
    can sometimes be thought as the largest organ of
    the human body.

http//www.essentialdayspa.com/images/emerginc/Ski
n_Anathomy_and_Physiology.gif
19
The Reproductive System
  • The major function of the reproductive system is
    to ensure survival of the species.

20
  • A female's internal reproductive organs are the
    vagina, uterus, the fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
    They are all located entirely within the pelvis.

21
  • Unlike the female, whose sex organs are located
    entirely within the pelvis, the male has
    reproductive organs, or genitals, that are both
    inside and outside the pelvis. The male genitals
    include the testicles, the duct system, the
    accessory glands, and the penis.

22
  • Within the context of producing offspring, the
    reproductive system has four functions
  • To produce egg and sperm cells
  • To transport and sustain these cells
  • To nurture the developing offspring
  • To produce hormones
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