PENDAHULUAN

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COUNTRY REPORT
RISK ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
CHEMICALS IN INDONESIA
By. TRI LIGAYANTI MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY REPUBLIC
OF INDONESIA 2005
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NATIONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION

• Indonesia is the worlds largest archipelago,
  consists of five major islands and about 30
  smaller groups and has a total number of islands
  approximately 17,508. The sea area is four times
  greater than that of land area, which is slightly
  over 1.9 million sq km. The islands span more
  than 3,000 miles from east to west, and more than
  1,200 miles from north to south. Some of these
  islands are famous for its tourist attractions,
  like Bali, Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan.

• The population has reached a total of 206,264,595
  in 2000. Population distribution is unequal.
  Trend of urban population in Indonesia and in all
  provinces had been increasing. In 2000, the
  percentage of urban population reached 42
  percent. The increasing population live in urban
  areas reflected the urbanization process. Rural
  populations are 58 of the total population who
  live and work in sub-districts, municipalities
  and villages.

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NATIONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Industrial / Manufacturing Sector

• Home industries 1-4 employees.
• Middle industries 5-100 employees.
• Big industries more than 100 employees.

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NATIONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Agricultural Sector

• Micro Farm 1-15 employees.
• Middle Farm 16-250 employees.
• Big Farm more than 250 employees.

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NATIONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION

• The major economic sectors based on the
  contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) have
  been
• Industrial / manufacturing, with the major
  products are textiles and leather goods (15.51),
  food products and beverages (11.52), tobacco
  (9.85), and chemicals (9.19)
• Mining and extraction, with major products are
  oil and gases
• Agriculture with its major products are paddy,
  oil palm, rubber and sugar cane.
• Industrial activities are mostly in textiles,
  papers and leather goods, rubber and plastic
  products, also in chemical products.

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CHEMICAL PRODUCTION, IMPORT, EXPORT AND USE

• Import of chemicals (raw materials) for
  industrial use is still dominating.
• In 2000, importation of petroleum chemical
  products was 19 million tons, ranked as the most
  abundant chemicals imported, while the production
  / manufacturing / formulation and exportation of
  chemicals were respectively around 5 million tons
  and almost 3.4 million tons per year.
• As an agricultural country, the use of
  fertilizers and pesticides was 1 million tons and
  0.5 million tons per year respectively.

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CHEMICAL PRODUCTION, IMPORT, EXPORT AND USE

• The major chemical wastes, generated per year
  wasted from industries including wastewater
  containing organic compound, and emission of CO2,
  SO2, and NO2.
• The chemical waste importation until 2002 will be
  a total input of 46 million tons of used storage
  batteries, 1,3 million tons of paper waste and 59
  million tons of metal scraps while 15 tons of
  used catalyst was exported.

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PRIORITY CONCERN RELATED TO CHEMICALS PRODUCTION,
IMPORT, EXPORT AND USE

• Priority concern related to chemicals production,
  import, export and use is the impacts and risks
  on
• air pollution,
• inland waterways / river pollutions,
• marine pollution,
• ground water pollution,
• soil contamination,
• chemical residues in food, drinking water
  contaminations,
• hazardous waste treatment / disposal.
• These are all related to occupational health,
  public health, chemical accident, storage /
  disposal of obsolete chemicals, chemical
  poisoning / suicides, free purchasing of
  chemicals and labeling of chemicals.

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PRIORITY CONCERN RELATED TO CHEMICALS PRODUCTION,
IMPORT, EXPORT AND USE

• The scale of problem ranges from local to
  regional, eventually also to global problem
  almost all of the problems identified as high
  rank in priority.
• Specific chemical creating concerns are CO, CO2,
  NOx, Pb, suspended particulate matters, volatile
  hydrocarbons, heavy metals, cyanides,
  surfactants, fertilizers, pesticides, paints,
  solvents, oil, aflatoxin, dyestuffs, borax,
  formaldehyde, ammonia, chlorine, arsenic and
  nitrites.

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PRIORITY CONCERN RELATED TO CHEMICALS PRODUCTION,
IMPORT, EXPORT AND USE

• An improved coordinating mechanism is needed to
  gain more accurate and reliable data on chemicals
  production, import, export and use.
• This will, in turn, resulting in an increased
  national capacity and capability in achieving
  sound management of chemicals.

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LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MANAGING CHEMICALS

• A number of laws, regulations, decrees,
  standards or other legal instruments addressing
  the control of chemicals have been issued.
• The available legislations, however, do not
  cover adequately all aspects in terms as a basic
  for the overall of sound management of chemicals.

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LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MANAGING CHEMICALS

• Hazardous Substances Ordinance No. 377 Year
  1949. This law regulates production, distribution
  and usage of disinfectants, cleaning agents,
  toxic chemicals that can cause hazard to human
  health.

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LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MANAGING CHEMICALS
.

• Law No. 11 Year 1967 on mining that regulates
  all steps of control in mining.
• Law No. 1 Year 1970 on safety at the work place.
• Law No. 5 Year 1984 on industry.
• Law No. 12 Year 1992 on plant cultivation
  including pesticides.
• Law No. 14 Year 1992 on transportation on goods.
• Law No. 21 Year 1992 on shipping which regulates
  the prohibition of waste disposal from ships to
  the sea.
• Law No.23 Year 1997 on environmental management.
• Law No.6 Year 1998 on chemical weapon
  convention.

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LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MANAGING CHEMICALS

• Act No. 7 Year 1973 handling and controlling of
  distribution, storage and usage of pesticide.
• Act No. 74 Year 2000 on toxic hazardous
  substance.
• Government Regulation No. 27 Year 1999 on
  environmental impact management (EIA).
• Presidential Decree No. 23 Year 1995 on ozone
  depleting substances.
• Presidential Decree No. 14 Year 1997 on
  explosive materials.

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LEGAL INSTRUMENTS FOR MANAGING CHEMICALS

• Ministerial of Industry and Trade Decree No.
  231/MPP/Kep/7/1997 on procedure of waste
  transportation.
• Ministerial of Industry and Trade Decree No.
  148/M/SK/4/1985 on safety of hazardous substance
  in the industry.
• Ministerial of Industry and Trade Decree No.
  254/MPP/Kep/7/2000 on import procedure and
  distribution of hazardous material.
• Ministerial of Industry and Trade Decree No.
  110/MPP/Kep/1/1998 jo No.410/MPP/Kep/9/1998 jo
  No. 790/MPP/Kep/12/2002 on prohibition of ozone
  depleting substance production and trade.
• Ministerial of Industry and Trade Decree No.
  647/MPP/Kep/10/2004 on import procedure and
  distribution of precursor non pharmacy.

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Organization
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My Work

• Background Study Chemical Engineering
• Position Staff Member of Sub Directorate
  Standardization and Technology since
  December 2003.
• Scope of Duty
• Indonesian National Standard (SNI) of Fertilizers
  and Pesticides voluntary and mandatory.
• Monitoring of Hazardous Chemicals Production,
  Importation and Distribution.
• Monitoring of Precursors Production, Importation
  and Distribution
• Chemicals Industry Waste Management.
• Global Issues of Environmental Chemicals.
• Network Ministry of Environment, Ministry of
  Health, Ministry of Trade, Indonesian National
  Agency of Drug and Food Control, National
  Narcotics Board and others central government
  organization.

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RECENT MAJOR PROBLEM

• In the end of 2005
• Illegal using of Precursors on Narcotics
  production, Indonesia leading in the third bigger
  narcotics producer in the world after Fiji and
  China.
• Illegal using of Formalin in fish and food.
• Chemicals Waste Based Industry.
• Global Issue related Ozone Depleting Substances
  Using and Illegal Logging.
• Global Issue related Terrorism and Chemicals
  Weapon Convention.

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Following Training Proposed

• The proposed training very important and enhance
  skill to repair policies which it has not
  relevant with risk assessment and monitoring for
  environmental chemicals anymore.
• Knowledge of risk assessment and monitoring for
  environmental chemicals technology.
• Solving risk assessment and monitoring for
  environmental chemicals countermeasure.
• Well done for risk assessment and monitoring for
  environmental chemicals.

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PROGRAM EXPANSION AND EXTENTION OF RISK
ASSESMENT AND MONITORING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
CHEMICALS

• Possible areas of further assistance for risk
  assessment and monitoring for environmental
  chemicals in Indonesia they are include
• Globally Harmonized System for Classification and
  Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in process to adopt
  and implementation. For year 2005, Indonesia has
  finished first phase from four phases of GHS
  adopting which promoted by UNITAR.
• CDM (Clean Development Mechanism)
• Continue on implementation of Ministerial of
  Industry and Trade Decree No. 254/MPP/Kep/7/2000
  on import procedure and distribution of hazardous
  material is proposed a regulation on monitoring
  of hazardous material production and distribution
  in the local country.
• Continue on implementation of Ministerial of
  Industry and Trade Decree No. 647/MPP/Kep/10/2004
  on import procedure and distribution of precursor
  non pharmacy is proposed a regulation on
  monitoring of precursor production and
  distribution in the local country.

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hank You