Bismilla Hir Rahma Nirraheem

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• Bismilla Hir Rahma Nirraheem

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• Organizational Theory Behavior in Education
• By
• Dr. Mahr Muhammad Saeed Akhtar

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Some Objectives

• Define organizational behavior
• Describe what managers do
• Explain the value of the systematic study
• List the major challenges and opportunities for
  managers to use
• Identify the contributions made by major
  behavioral science disciplines to
• Describe why managers require a knowledge of
• Explain the need for a contingency approach to
  the study of
• Identify the three levels of analysis in this
  books OB model

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Mangers

• Individual who achieve goals through other people.

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Organization

• A consciously coordinated social unit, composed
  or two or more people, that functions on a
  relatively continuous basis to achieve a common
  goal or set of goals.

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Management Skills

• Technical Skills (ability to perform a specific
  job)
• Knowledge and proficiency of processes,
  procedures and methods (Typing, drawing,
  designing, preparing budget, teaching,
  advocating, assembling,
• Human Skills Maintaining a network of
  relationship
• Organizing and leading people
• Motivation, Communication, and Group dynamics
• Conceptual Skills The mental ability to analyze
  and diagnose complex situation.

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What Managers Do

• PlanningIncludes Defining goals, establishing
  strategy, and developing plans to coordinate
  activities.
• Organization Determining what tasks are to be
  done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be
  grouped, who reports to whom , and where
  decisions are to be made.

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• Leading Includes motivating empolyees, directing
  others, selecting the most efrective
  communication channels, and resolving conflicts.
• Controlling Monitoring activities to ensure they
  are being accomplished as planned and correcting
  any significant deviations

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Management Roles

• Interpersonal Roles
• Information Roles
• Decisional Roles

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Organizational behavior

• A field of study that investigates the impact
  that individuals, groups, and structure have on
  behavior within organizations, for the purpose of
  applying such knowledge toward improving an
  organizations effectiveness

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• Replacing intuition with systematic study

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Intuition

• A feeling not necessarily supported by research

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Systematic Study

• Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute
  causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based
  on scientific evidence.

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• Contributing disciplines to OB

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Psychology

• The science that seeks to measure, explain, and
  sometimes change the behavior of humans and other
  animals.

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Sociology

• The study of people in relation to their fellow
  human beings.

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Social psychology

• An area within psychology that bends concepts
  from psychology and sociology and that focuses on
  the influence of people on one another.

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Anthropology

• The study of societies to learn about human
  beings and their activities.

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Political science

• The study of the behavior of individuals and
  groups within a polical environment.

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Absolutes in OB

• Contingency variables
• Situational actors variables that moderate the
  relationship between two or more other variables
  and improve the correlation.

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Challenges and opportunities in OB

1. Respond to globalization
2. Managing workforce diversity
3. Improving quality and productivity
4. Improving people skills
5. Empower people
6. Coping with temporariness
7. Stimulating innovation and change
8. Improving ethical behavior

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Workforce diversity

• The increasing heterogeneity of organizations
  with the inclusion of different groups.

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Total Quality Management (TQM)

• A philosophy of management that is driven by the
  constant attainment of customer satisfaction
  thought the continuators improvement of all
  organizational processes.

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Reengineering

• Reconsider show work would be done and the
  organization structured if they were being
  created from scratch.

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Empowering employees

• Putting employees in charge of what they do.

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Ethical dilemma

• Situation in which an individuals is required to
  define right and wrong conduct

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Coming attractions developing an OB model

• A model
• Dependent variables
• Productivity
• Effectiveness
• Efficiency
• Absenteeism
• Turnover
• organizational citizenship
• Job satisfaction

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Model

• Abstraction of reality simplified representation
  of some real-world phenomenon.

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Dependent variable

• A response that is affected by an independent
  variable.

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Productivity

• A performance measure including effectiveness and
  efficiency.
• Effectiveness
• Achievement of goals.
• Efficiency
• The ratio of effective output to the input
  required to achieve it.

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Absenteeism

• Failure to report to work

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Turnover

• Voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal
  from the organization.

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Organizational Citizenship

• Discretionary behavior that is not part of an
  employees formal job requirements but that
  nevertheless promotes the effective functioning
  of the organization.

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Job satisfaction

• A general attitude toward ones job the
  differnce between the amount of rewards workers
  receive and the amount they believe they should
  receive.

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Independent variables

• The presumed cause of some change in the
  dependent variable.
• Individual level
• Group level
• Organization systems level