?????????? (Drugs acting on the respiratory system)

1
?????????? (Drugs acting on the respiratory
system)
2
?
?
?
3
???????????????
??
?????
??
4
ß?????
??
ATP
cAMP
5AMP
?????
?????
GTP
cGMP
?????
M?????
5
?.??? (antiasthmatic drugs)
1. ?????????
???? (adrenaline) 1.????????ß2 2.????????
6
3. ??a???????????,???? ??????? ????
???????? ???????
7
??? (ephedrine) ???????,??a?ß?? ???????? ??
????????? ????
8
??????(isoprenaline) ??ß1?ß2 ??????? ?????
???????? ???????
9
???? (salbutamol)
???? (terbutaline)
???? (clenbuterol)
?????ß2?? ??????? ????????
10
???????? ????????? ?????,??????????l/10???????
11

• 2 ?? (theophylline)
• ???????(PDE)
• ????????
• ??????
• ???????

12
?????????? ???????,?????????
13
??M?????(anticholinergics) ????(ipratopine)
??M??  ???? ?????????
14
?????????(glucocorticoids) ????(beclmethasone)
???????? ???? ?????????? ????
15
???????????(inhibitors of mediators release)
???? (cromolyn sodium)
???????,????????,??????? ?????? ??????????
16

• ???
• ?????????
• H1??????
• ??ß2????????
• ???????

17
??? (antitussives)
1 ??????
??????
2 ??????
???????????????????
18
??? ????????,????,?????????,?????????
????????,???????
19
????(???) ????????,??????? l/3????????????
??????????????????????
20
????????? ???? ??,???????????????????????????,???
?????????????????
21
?????? ????(???) ?????,?????????????? ????????????
????????
22
??? 1 ??? ??????????,?????,?????
???????????????
23
2 ?????? ??????,????????????,???????,??????????
??????????????
24
????????,???????????????????????,???????,?????????
?
25
3.??? ??????????,??????,??????????????????????,???
?????????????????
26
??? 1.???????????????????? 2.????????????????????
???????????????????
27
3.????????,?????????????????? 3.?????????,???????
28
??????? ??? (Drugs acting on the
gastrointestinal system)
29
????
????
gt
?????
??
??
HCO3??
????
30
???????(Drugs used for peptic ulceration)
31
?????(antacids) ??????????????,????????,????????
??
32
????????
????
????
????
????
???
????
???
???
???
???
???
????
- - -
33
????
????
????
????
???
???
- - - -
?? CO2
- - -
????
??
??
??
??
???
34
???????
Ach
????
MR
H
Ca2
??
H- K ATP?
????
H2R
cAMP
????
GR
Ca2
???
K
???
35
1.M?????(muscarinic antagonists) ????
(pirenzepine) ?????????M1??, ???? ?????????,??????
??
36
2.H2????? (H2 receptor antagonists)
???????????H2??,????? ,????????????????????????
??????
37
???? (cimetidine) (????,???)
????????,???????????? ?-???????????????????
38
??????

• ????????
• ?????????????????????
• ????? ??????,????,?????
• ??????? ?????????????????????

39
????(ranitidine) ??????????????????????,??????????
??,??????????
40
H2?????
H2????
????
T1/2(h)
?? ????????????
1
1.52.3

410
1.62.4

2050

2.54
41
3.H???? (proton pump inhibitors)
??????H???,???????
42
???? (omeprazole???) ??????Ach???????????????,???
??????? ???????? ??????????
43
???? ??????????? ?????? ?????
44
??????
???????????,????????????????????
?????????????,??????????
45
?????(mucosal strengtheners)
1 ??????? ?????(misoprostol) ???? (enprostil)
46
??????????????? ?????????????NSAIDs?????????
47
???????????????????,?????
48

• 2 ??? (sucralfate)
• ? pHlt4??????????????,??????
• ??PG??,????????????
• ??????

49
????????????????????? ??????(pHlt4)???,?????????
????????
50
3.?????(colloidal bismuth subcitrate) ???
pH???????????????????,????????,??????,?????????
51
??????? ???????????????,?????????????????23???
????
52
?.???????
???? ????????????????????????????,?????????????,?
??????????,?????
53
??? ????????????,?????????????????????????????????
??,???????
54
?????
????????????
55
??? ?????(???) ?? CTZ? D2??,????????????DA??,?????
????,??????????
56
????????????????????????, ????????????????????????
??
57
???? (???)
????????????????5HT3?? ?????????
58
????????????????????????????????????? ??????,?????
?????????
59
????(???) ????DA??,??????????
60
????? ??? ???????,????????????,????,????????????
61
???? ?? ????????????????????????? ?????????????
???????????
62
????? ??????,??????????,????? ???????
63
????? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????
64
????? ???? ??????? ???????????????
65
?? ??????????,???????? ?????????
66
???????? 1.???? ?????????????,????????
67
2.?????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
??????????,?????????
68
3.???????????????????????????????????????????
69
??? ??????????????????? ???????????????,????
???????????????????
70
????????????,??????????,?????????????????????????
???????????????
71
????????????? ??????????????????,?????,????,????
????????
72
??? 1.?????????????????????????????????? 2.??????
???????? 3.????????????????????
73
??2
74
??1