Practice EOG

1
Practice EOG

• 8th Grade Science

Students will need a calculator and periodic
table of elements!
2
Which source of water pollution includes oil and
gasoline discharge from automobiles and storm
sewer drainage?

1. Agriculture
2. Bacteria
3. Sedimentation
4. Urban runoff

3
This drawing represents an airplane flying over
the ocean, carrying equipment that measures
characteristics of the ocean. The equipment
produces two kinds of laser beams that react
differently when they come into contact with the
oceans surface and the ocean floor. What does
this form of technology measure?

1. Water depth
2. Water temperature
3. pH levels of water
4. Dissolved oxygen in water

4
This chart describes an experiment using a sample
of water and three solids made of different
substances. Which property of water is being
tested?

1. Solubility
2. Cohesion
3. Polarity
4. Buoyancy

5
Which best explains the importance of dissolved
gases in the ocean?

1. They help control pollution.
2. They help provide oxygen for aquatic animals.
3. They help maintain a constant water temperature.
4. They help maintain constant levels of salinity.

6
Which best describes a bioindicator?

1. A species that has a short life span
2. A species that depends on specific conditions to
   survive
3. A species that can adapt to a variety of
   conditions
4. A species that has been introduced to an ecosystem

7
How can the atmosphere be considered part of the
hydrosphere?

1. It is a source of water.
2. It blocks ultraviolet rays from the sun.
3. It contains the oxygen necessary for life on
   Earth
4. It traps pollutants that would otherwise harm the
   earth.

8
What characteristic of aluminum allows it to be
made into aluminum foil?

1. It is dense.
2. It is soluble.
3. It is magnetic.
4. It is malleable.

9
What pure substance is composed of more than one
element?

1. Carbon
2. Gold
3. Water
4. Sodium

10
Which factor best explains why some people will
develop cancer and others will not after being
exposed to the same high levels of a harmful
chemical?

1. Concentration of the chemical
2. Potency of the chemical
3. Individual susceptibility to the chemical
4. Individual exposure to the chemical

11
After a chemical reaction occurs in an open test
tube, measurements indicate that the mass of the
reactants is greater than the mass of the
products remaining in the test tube. What most
likely explains the measurements?

1. A gas was produced.
2. A solid was produced.
3. The salinity of the reactants was high.
4. The temperature of the reactants was low.

12
Which is the best way to determine if an object
is made of pure silver?

1. Determine the solubility of the object
2. Test to see if the object is chemically reactive
3. Determine the density of the object and compare
   the known density of pure silver
4. Compare the mass of the silver object to the mass
   of a piece of pure silver

13
The shaded areas of this diagram represent where
fossils of a land-dwelling animal were found on
the continents of South America and Africa. What
does this evidence suggest?

1. The animals swam from one continent to the other.
2. The two continents were once connected by a land
   bridge.
3. The animals developed on the two continents at
   the same time.
4. The two continents were once joined as part of a
   larger continent.

14
A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a
desert environment. Which hypothesis best
explains the discovery?

1. The area was once covered by water.
2. Volcanic activity once occurred in the area.
3. A catastrophic event once occurred in the area.
4. Erosion turned most of the limestone in the area
   into sand.

15
Fossils of warm-weather plants were found on an
island in the Arctic Ocean. What can best be
concluded from this discovery?

1. Spores of plants drifted by air currents to the
   island.
2. Ocean currents carried the plants to the island.
3. The island drifted from a tropical region to its
   present location.
4. Seeds of plants have been carried to the island
   by migratory birds.

16
Which is best used to track the global movement
of volcanic ash after an eruption?

1. Ground truthing
2. Satellite photographs
3. Topographic maps
4. Weather balloons

17
Which theory best describes how an asteroid
striking Earth may have caused the extinction of
dinosaurs?

1. Heat from the asteroid caused massive fires that
   reduced the food supply.
2. Dense clouds formed following the collision,
   causing a global drop in temperature.
3. Land masses were altered by the collision,
   reducing the space where dinosaurs could roam for
   food.
4. Glaciers melted rapidly from heat produced by the
   asteroid, causing floods that destroyed
   dinosaurs habitats.

18
Which statement best explains the reason muscle
cells have more mitochondria than skin cells?

1. Muscle cells use more energy than skin cells.
2. Muscle cells have fewer proteins than skin cells.
3. Muscle cells have a smaller nucleus than skin
   cells.
4. Muscle cells have more excess water than skin
   cells.

19
What is the role of cytoplasm in a living cell?

1. Fight infections
2. Digest proteins
3. Surround organelles
4. Pass on genetic information

20
This chart shows the worldwide number of measles
cases over twenty years. Which is most likely
the cause of the decline in measles cases from
1980 to 1990?

1. Antibiotics
2. Chemotherapy
3. Quarantines
4. Vaccinations

21
How are parasites and viruses similar?

1. Both are contagious diseases.
2. Both infect host organisms.
3. Both reproduce using host cells.
4. Both break down food using oxygen.

22
Which describes a nonpoint source of pollution?

1. Accumulation of oil in a stream next to a
   gasoline station
2. Chemical spill in a river next to a manufacturing
   complex
3. Runoff from a road into a nearby stream
4. Liquid fertilizer flowing from a barrel into a
   stream

23
Which statement best explains the reason some
insects can walk across the surface of a lake?

1. Water is a polar molecule, and its adhesiveness
   causes good capillary action.
2. Water is a non-polar molecule, and its
   cohesiveness causes good capillary action.
3. Water is a polar molecule, and its cohesiveness
   causes high surface tension.
4. Water is a non-polar molecule, and its high
   adhesiveness provides high surface tension.

24
Seasonal tourism can cause a shortage of the
freshwater supply in some coastal areas. This
can then cause coastal communities to purchase
water from other sources. What does this
situation describe?

1. Economic trade-off
2. Excess nutrient input
3. Point source pollution
4. Environmental stewardship

25
Which interaction illustrates a
terrestrial-aquatic food web relationship?

1. A bear eating fish in a river
2. A turtle burying eggs in the sand
3. A fish eating plankton in the ocean
4. A bird laying eggs in a nest in a tree

26
What does the hardness of water indicate?

1. High levels of calcium and magnesium
2. Low levels of calcium and magnesium
3. Increased pressure in pipelines to faucets
4. Decreased pressure in pipelines to faucets

27
Water temperature and depth of water are factors
that can determine the type of organisms that
live in different areas of the ocean. Which
other factor in most important?

1. Currents
2. Tides
3. Sediments
4. Sunlight

28
How does exposure to cigarette smoke contribute
to an asthma attack?

1. By decreasing blood pressure
2. By causing mutations in cells
3. By irritating the respiratory tract
4. By reducing insulin levels

29
What makes fertilizers a benefit to the farming
industry?

1. They increase the nutrients in soil.
2. They increase the growth of helpful bacteria.
3. They decrease the chance of bacteria growing in
   the soil.
4. They decrease the chance of plants being eaten by
   insects.

30
Which is a naturally occurring chemical?

1. Aspirin
2. Salt
3. Plastic
4. Nylon

31
Which element is a poor conductor of heat?

1. F
2. K
3. Fe
4. Ag

32
This table shows the specific heat of four
substances. If each substance is exposed to the
same amount of energy for one minute, which
substance will get the hottest?

1. Lead
2. Iron
3. Glass
4. Ice

33
A beaker with 100mL of water is placed on a hot
plate and heated. The water boils at 100oC. At
what temperature would 90 mL of water boil?

1. 10oC
2. 90oC
3. 100oC
4. 110oC

34
This diagram shows a cross section of land that
has not been overturned and includes a fossil.
What can be concluded about the age of the fossil?

1. It is younger than the shale.
2. It is older than the shale.
3. It is older than the sandstone.
4. It is younger than the sandstone.

35
Which best explains how geologic time scales can
help scientists study the evolution of life on
Earth?

1. They describe the existence of rocks before there
   was life on Earth.
2. They show that geological features have evolved
   at the same rate as organisms.
3. They compare the life histories of species that
   have used rocks as habitats.
4. They correlate the existence of life on Earth
   with geological events.

36
Which statement supports the theory of evolution?

1. All living cells come from previous cells.
2. All plants and animals have DNA.
3. Matter cannot be created or destroyed during
   chemical reactions.
4. Fossils provide evidence that vertebrates share a
   common ancestor.

37
How can satellite imagery best be used after a
hurricane hits the coast?

1. To check nearby lake depths
2. To identify the amount of beach erosion
3. To determine the location of sea turtles nests
4. To map topography inland of the coastal region

38
How are plant and animal cells similar?

1. They both have flagella.
2. They both have a nucleus.
3. They both have an eyespot.
4. They both have chloroplasts.

39
This diagram shows a Euglena and a Paramecium.
Euglena and Paramecium are similar in which way?

1. Both are types of plans.
2. Both have a cell wall to maintain their
   structure.
3. Both have structures that aid them in movement.
4. Both must produce their own food in order to live.

40
Some women who took the drug thalidomide in early
pregnancy gave birth to children with severe
birth defects. Which is thalidomide considered
to be?

1. Antibiotic
2. Mutagen
3. Vaccine
4. Virus

41
This chart shows the growth of bacteria over a
period of 10 hours. Which graph best illustrates
the growth of the bacteria?

1. a
2. B
3. C
4. d

4.
42
What is one way scientists analyze the health of
a river?

1. By measuring its depth
2. By measuring the speed at which the river flows
3. By measuring its dissolved oxygen content
4. By measuring the distance the river travels to
   reach an ocean

43
Which example best represents an interconnection
between an aquatic food web and a terrestrial
food web?

1. Fish eat insects that land on the surface of a
   pond.
2. Snakes eat bird eggs.
3. Bats eat mosquitoes.
4. Mountain lions catch and eat deer.

44
What is one way the government of the United
States attempts to reduce pollution in the oceans?

1. Create new desalination plants
2. Discontinue sewage treatment programs
3. Increase oil and gasoline production
4. Enforce laws limiting trash dumping

45
Where is the majority of Earths freshwater
located?

1. Clouds
2. Pacific Ocean
3. Polar ice caps
4. Rivers

46
The population density of marine life is greater
along the shorelines of the ocean than farther
out in the deep waters of the ocean. Which
statement provides the best reason for this
situation?

1. Ocean currents prevent many smaller marine
   organisms from living in deep water.
2. The shallow waters have fewer predators.
3. Coastal waters are less polluted than the deeper
   waters of the ocean.
4. There are more nutrients in shallow waters.

47
Which technology best monitors temperature
changes in Earths oceans?

1. Radar
2. Satellites
3. Sonar
4. Microwave

48
Chemical X has a mass of 5 grams, and chemical Y
has a mass of 10 grams. If the two chemicals are
mixed and a complete chemical reaction takes
place, what is most likely the mass of the
product?

1. 5 grams
2. 10 grams
3. 15 grams
4. 50 grams

49
Which best describes a way to reduce a persons
exposure to pesticides?

1. Put leftovers in the refrigerator
2. Do not eat bread that has mold growing on it
3. Make sure meat is thoroughly cooked before eating
   it
4. Wash fruits and vegetables before eating them

50
How can a scientist, using the periodic table,
find an element with properties similar to
another element?

1. By comparing density
2. By finding its periodic group
3. By comparing malleability
4. By comparing atomic weight

51
Why were some pesticides such as DDT removed from
public use?

1. They can cause heart disease.
2. They can cause diabetes.
3. They can cause meningitis.
4. They can cause cancer.

52
The element silicon is best used for which
purpose?

1. As a container to keep coffee hot
2. As a semiconductor in computer chips
3. As a material to make airplane frames
4. As a malleable material for coins and jewelry

53
Which is an example of a physical change?

1. Boiling
2. Burning
3. Rotting
4. Rusting

54
The theory of global warming is based on an
increase of what atmospheric gas?

1. Carbon dioxide
2. Helium
3. Hydrogen
4. Oxygen

55
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge exists between the African
and South American geologic plates. Which
process most often occurs at the Mid-Atlantic
Ridge?

1. Destruction of underwater mountains
2. Creation of new continents
3. Subduction of geologic plates
4. Spreading of sea floor

56
A scientist has a hypothesis that a large
volcanic eruption caused a change in global
temperature. Which information gained from ice
cores is most useful in supporting the
scientists hypothesis?

1. Levels of dissolved oxygen
2. Identities of trace metals
3. Estimates of natural radioactivity
4. Amounts of atmospheric dust

57
Which is the best method for verifying data
gathered by satellites?

1. Ground truthing
2. Reflectance curves
3. Satellite imagery
4. Spectral analysis

58
Information about the heredity of a cell is
stored in which organelle?

1. Flagellum
2. Mitochondrion
3. Nucleus
4. Vacuole

59
How is the cell membrane important to the process
of osmosis?

1. It allows water to move into the cell.
2. It allows all materials from the outside
   environment to move into the cell.
3. It traps water and nutrients that would otherwise
   be unable to move into the cell.
4. It collects nutrients from water in the outside
   environment and moves them into the cell.

60
Which is most likely responsible for the
formation of cancer cells?

1. An antibiotic
2. A mutagen
3. A bacterium
4. A parasite

61
Which project is most likely to interest a
scientist working at a biotechnology company?

1. Study and reconstruction of fossilized bones
2. Conservation of key species within ecosystems
3. Development of genetically modified corn plants
4. Prevention of sewage leaking into water supplies

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Youre Done!!
63
Your EOG Score

• Figure out how many questions you got right
• Convert your RAW score into your SCALE score
  using the chart below

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Use your Scale Score

• Find out if you got a 1, 2, 3 or 4 on your
  practice EOG.
• Use this data to decide what your strengths and
  weaknesses are in science class.
• Use that information to help guide you in your
  EOG preparation.