Chapter 18 Introduction to the Ecology of Organisms

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Chapter 18Introduction to the Ecology of
Organisms

• Mrs. Stewart
• Honors Biology

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Course Level Expectation

• 3210.2.3Predict how global climate change, human
  activity, geologic events, and the introduction
  of non-native species impact an ecosystem.
• Youve learned it if you can
• Predict how a specific environmental change may
  lead to the adaptations or extinction of a
  particular species.

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Find a Partner

• One of you is the Tiger (LSU) the other is the
  Gator (Florida).

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Section 1 introduction to ecology
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Levels of Organization

• Species all the organisms that can/will
  interbreed and can produce fertile offspring
• Population all members of a species that live
  in one place/area
• Community all the interacting organisms living
  in one place/area
• Ecosystem all the organisms and non-living
  environment found in one place/area

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Interdependence

• All organisms interact with all the other living
  and nonliving parts of their environment
• An environment consists of everything and every
  organism in your surroundings

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Biotic vs. Abiotic

• Biotic
• Abiotic

All the living components of the environment.
All the nonliving components of the environment
such as physical and chemical characteristics.
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Partner

• Tigers tell your gator the difference between
  biotic and abiotic.

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Partner

• Gators Give your tiger an example of something
  biotic and abiotic in this environment.

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Think pair share Interdependence

• How do autotrophs depend on heterotrophs?
• How do heterotrophs depend on autotrophs?

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Todays 1st Class Objective

• Explain and draw accurate conclusions from a
  tolerance curve graph.

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Changing Environment

• Change within habitat
• How does an organism survive if environment is
  always changing?

Biotic and abiotic factors are always changing.
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Effects of Interdependence

• Gators Tell your tigers how an organism
  survives if the environment is always changing.

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Tolerance curve

• Every organism has a
  of environmental conditions in which it can
  tolerate.
• Tolerance curve

specific range
A graph of the performance of an organism versus
the value of an environmental variable (usually
abiotic factors).
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Reading a Tolerance Curve
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Summarize Tolerance Curve

• Tigers Explain to your gators how to read a
  tolerance curve and what implications can be
  found.

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Guided Practice
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Independent Practice.

• Look at page 364, Figure 18-5 and answer the
  following questions on your own.
• 1. What swimming speeds do the two fish groups
  have?
• 2. Would the fish raised at 5C be able to swim
  30 cm/s2 immediately after being put in 25C
  water? Why or why not?

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Partner Share

• Compare and discuss your answers with another
  tiger or gator near you.

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Acclimation

• Can a species change its tolerance curve?
• Acclimation
• Example

An organisms change in response to a change in
its environment.

• Altitude sickness
• Barrel Chest

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Acclimation vs. Adaptation

• Acclimate an individual organisms changes to
  surroundings (occurs over short period of time
  and could potentially change back if environment
  changes back)
• Adaptation a populations changes to
  surroundings (occurs over very LONG periods of
  time)

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Dealing with internal conditions

• Two ways to deal with varying internal
  conditions

Conformers Do not regulate internal conditions.
They must remain in the optimal range of
tolerance to survive.
Regulators Use energy to maintain some of their
internal conditions. They have a wider tolerance
curve for these conditions than do conformers.
An organism can be both!
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Did We.

• Describe a tolerance graph?

Fish swimming speeds on page 364.
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Before you leave

• On your Independent Practice paper 1) Predict
  what might happen to a bird species that found
  itself exposed to unusually cold temps earlier
  than normal.2) How might your answer to 1
  impact the ecosystem in which the bird lives?
• Turn in your Independent Practice page with these
  answers when you are finished.

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Can you?

• 3210.2.3Predict how global climate change, human
  activity, geologic events, and the introduction
  of non-native species impact an ecosystem.
• Youve learned it if you can
• Predict how a specific environmental change may
  lead to the adaptation and/or extinction of a
  particular species.