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The Growth of Judaism

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Title: The Growth of Judaism


1
The Growth of Judaism
2
Growth of Judaism
  • During their time in exile, the Israelite
    religion became known as Judaism
  • Forced to live in a foreign land

3
Growth of Judaism
  • While in Babylon, Jews met on the Sabbath
  • weekly day of worship
  • These meetings took place at synagogues
  • Jewish houses of worship

4
Why Did Jews Return to Judah?
  • In the 500s BC, the Persians conquered the
    Chaldeans and took over Babylon
  • The Persian king allowed Jews to return to Judah
  • Some went back and rebuilt the temple

5
Why Did Jews Return to Judah?
  • Jews then wrote the five book of the Torah
    (writings of Moses) on parchment
  • sewed them together
  • these and other writings would become the Hebrew
    Bible

6
What Is in the Hebrew Bible?
  • Includes the 5 books of the Torah and 34 other
    books
  • Describes events in Jewish history

7
The Jews Look to the Future
  • Parts of the Bible described Gods plan for a
    peaceful future
  • The Jews believed that evil and suffering would
    eventually be replaced by goodness

8
The Jews and the Greeks
  • In 334 BC, Alexander the Great began taking over
    kingdoms around the Mediterranean
  • In 331, he defeated the Persians and Judah came
    under his control
  • Alexander introduced the Greek language and Greek
    ways to Judah

9
The Jews and the Greeks
  • Jews that were outside of Judah were known as the
    Diaspora (Greek for scattered)
  • They learned the Greek language and copied the
    Bible into Greek
  • This helped spread Jewish ideas to the non-Jewish
    world

10
Who were the Maccabees?
  • In 168 BC, a Greek Ruler name Antiochus
    controlled Judah
  • Tried to force Jews to worship Greek gods and
    goddesses

11
Who were the Maccabees?
  • Under command of a priest names Judas Maccabeus,
    an army of Jews forced the Greeks out of Egypt.
  • They rid Judah of all gods and goddesses

12
Hanukkah
  • Made the temple a worship place for the God of
    Israel alone
  • Today, Jews celebrate Hanukkah to remember the
    cleansing of the temple

13
The Jews and Romans
  • In 63 BC, the Romans took over Judah
  • Renamed it Judaea
  • They allowed Jewish rulers to run Judaea (at
    first)

14
The Rule of King Herod
  • Herod was the king who ruled Judaea when Jesus
    was born
  • Known for his cruelty
  • After he died, the Romans replaced Herod with
    Roman officials

15
The Rule of King Herod
  • One group of Jews was known as the Pharisees
  • They taught the Torah and how to apply it to
    everyday life

16
The Rule of King Herod
  • Another group, the Sadducees, were more concerned
    with how the Torah applied to priests

17
Jewish Revolts
  • During the AD 60s, Jewish hatred for Romans was
    at its peak
  • A groups of Jews known as the Zealots revolted
    and drove the Romans out of Jerusalem

18
Jewish Revolts
  • 4 years later, the Romans retook the city
  • They destroyed the temple
  • The Western Wall is all that remains today

19
Jewish Revolts
  • The Jews revolted again in 132 AD, but were shut
    down easily
  • The Romans then forbade Jews from living or even
    visiting Jerusalem
  • They renamed it Palestine

20
Jewish Teachers
  • The Jews no longer had priests, but instead they
    had rabbis
  • Teachers of the Torah
  • Many rabbis founded Torah schools in order pass
    on its teachings
  • In 1948 Palestine was divided and a new nation
    called Israel was created
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