America in World War II

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America in World War II
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The Shock of War

• Americans unified after Pearl Harbor
• Unfortunately, 110,000 Japanese-Americans were
  placed in internment camps

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Korematsu vs. U.S

• Supreme Court upholds Japanese internment
• Says U.S. government could intern groups of
  people seen as a threat to national security

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Building the War Machine

• Massive military orders ended the Great
  Depression
• Production of military essentials grew
• Government imposed rationing and halting of
  manufacturing of non-essential items

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Women Take Over the Labor Force

• Women took over the jobs of men in factories
• Rosie the Riveter became their symbol
• Women proved equal to men in keeping the American
  industrial machine rolling

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Women Take Over the Labor Force
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Womens Auxiliary Army Corps

• Provided jobs within the military for women
  during WWII
• WAAC

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African Americans in the War

• African Americans served in combat units at the
  end of the war
• Tuskegee Airmen all black fighter pilot squadron

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Japanese Americans in the War

• Originally not accepted, but could serve starting
  in 1943
• 442nd became the most decorated unit in US History

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Native Americans in the War

• Navajo Indians were used for communications in
  the Pacific
• Japanese were never able to break their code
• Known as Code Talkers

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Bracero Program

• Mexicans were brought in to alleviate the
  shortage of male workers caused by the war

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Douglas Macarthur

• Leader of the American forces fighting Japan in
  the Pacific

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The Pacific

• Early in the war Japan had overrun the Pacific
  and controlled the region
• 1942, Japanese overtook the Philippines from the
  U.S.
• Captured soldiers were forced to walk the Bataan
  Death March

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Chester Nimitz

• Leader of American naval forces in the Pacific

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Island Hopping

• U.S. strategy in the Pacific
• Take Japanese held islands one at a time until
  U.S. reached the Japanese mainland

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Battle of Midway

• U.S. navy planes bomb and destroy much of the
  Japanese navy
• Became a turning point in the battle in the
  Pacific
• Showed that whoever owned the skies, owned the war

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War Against Germany

• By 1942, the Soviets had defeated Germany at
  Stalingrad
• The British defeated Erwin Rommel and Germany at
  El Alamein

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Casablanca Conference

• Roosevelt and Churchill agree to only accept
  unconditional surrender from the Germans

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Tehran Conference

• The Big Three (Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin)
  agree to launch simultaneous attacks against
  Germany

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June 6, 1944-the U.S. invades France
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Dwight D. Eisenhower

• Leader of the Allied forces in Europe
• Planned the D-Day invasion

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Battle of the Bulge

• Facing defeat, Hitler launches one final
  desperate attempt to break through Allied lines
• Attempt failed and Allies move into Germany

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The Holocaust
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The Holocaust

• The systematic murder, or genocide, of Jews and
  other groups in Europe by the Nazis before and
  during WWII
• Over 6 million Jews were murdered

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Potsdam Conference

• Allied leaders discuss unconditional surrender of
  Japan
• Soviet Union pledges to declare war on Japan
• Truman learns that the U.S. had successfully
  exploded an atomic bomb

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V-E Day

• May 7, 1945 declared V-E Day (Victory in Europe)

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Atomic Bombs

• August 6, 1945, the U.S. drops atomic bomb on
  Hiroshima
• August 9, 1945 the U.S. drops atomic bomb on
  Nagasaki
• Over 250,000 people killed the two bombings

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Hiroshima
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Nagasaki
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September 2, 1945 V-J Day